【每日阅读训练第四期——速度越障3系列】【3-16】科技-biology-H5N1

单身学文

1‘54
1’58
2‘04
2’07
1‘19

11’10

lyhdnangel

1'17
1'27
1'09
1'35
'56

我心匪席

1’43
A virus has been observed to pass from bird to human, but not human to human. But how the virus mutates and whether it will hurt human is still unknown.
1’57
Experiments are performed to investigate the mutations of virus. And the virus can survive in the air, but whether it can effectively harm humans is still under the investigations.
Such research publication should access to everyone for other scientists to be acknowledged about development then advance the new method.
1’48
Scientific research has dual-use, and someone may use it for good motivations, but someone may use it for bad. The committee is composed to rule whether such publications access to everyone.
2’07
NSABB mechanism is to rule scientific publication, deciding some kinds of experiment are consealed or not opens in full to everyone.
1’42
NSABB’s discussion based on WHO meeting and NSABB deal with international issues not national issues. In WHO meeting, misconception or misinterpretation can be cleared.
53”
It is a overestimated about the issue that someone will use mutation of virus to do harm things to humans. For it is very sophisticated and the appliance needed to perform is limited to access to.
12’33
Influenza virus is a big threat to humans, it has caused millions of people died in the last century.
Influenza virus always emerges among birds and pigs, and it will mutate and persist for a long time. Humans will suffer from it for being no immune to this virus.
The goal of pandemic influenza research is to recognize and anticipate how viruses are evolving and how dangerous they become to humans. 4 points.
H5N1 has been the research subject, investigating its transmissibility and pathogenesis in ferrets. Research on H5N1 has compared it with other seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses.
However, such research can be a dual-use research concern. Whether to publish H5N1 studies should be discussed. But the goodness for social society outweighs the risk it may befall. As normal person, the knowledge about H5N1 is painful. Civil society needed to be involved into discussion about H5N1 as soon as possible.

abjure

ferret


1:44
2:12
1:49
1:40
2:11


13:34

谈到流感在动物之间传播， 也会在人之间传播。
历史三次大的流感。


研究流感的的要注意5各方面， 是否会传染， 怎么传染？有没有什么是关键因数

单刀了流感的研究其实也属于 duel usage 的范畴。 即有好的方面，也有坏的可能性。
被坏人利用。  所以在announce 之前， 要好好balance一下。

最后谈到了政府对这有参与，如何弄个机制出来更好的blanace.......

flyoceanwu

看到科技文章头痛，但还得练呀！1。1'21"
2 1'41"
3 1'58"
4 1'09"
5 1'40
6 越障7‘10“
Influeza A virus threat individual and health and distract social &economic
danger of future pandemics
research how the  virus evlove.
however, research have positive and negative application;major gaps in knowledge of influenza become obvious.
the USA government want this research transparent and beneficial to society.
attitude: positive

neverland1021

1'57 There is covntroversy controversy in whether the bird flu can be a epidemic trasmitted transmitted between human and human or human can only be infected through birds.
2'32 Whether the virus will have a mutation is they key focus to debate and the more people know the future danger about the mutation, the more creative answers to the debate.
2'04 The bird flu research can be used to prevent the future disaster or it can be used as a biological weapon; therefore, the bird flu case is a dual-use case, which means it can result in potentially good and bad results simultaneously. the committee of the bird flu include not only biologist but also security expertise. The interviewer then asks another question
2'20 The mechanism that is composed of scientists and security members is a good solution to decide whether some scientific publication should be published.
2'01 the bird flue is misinterprete to the public.(没怎么看懂作者逻辑，就看到一堆secondly,但是不知道第一点在哪)

15'12
Introduction about the deadly influenza, which cause global pandemic.
The goal of the influenza research is to figure out whether the virus can be evolved and then transmitted between human and human and what is the likelihood of this mutation
From the ferret experiment, scientists find that the influenza can be transmitted among ferrets, which are usually used to study the influenza since 1930
The influenza case is a dual-use case: bioterrorists can cause harm deliberately.
If some scientific research is defined as DURC, it will be accessed risk and benefit sophisticately
结论：

Timer 1:
the controversy should be in whether the method to synthesize the droplet-transmittable strain should be published.

Hendy

掌管 3        00:01:32.67        00:08:48.90
掌管 2        00:02:03.40        00:07:16.23
掌管 1        00:05:12.82        00:05:12.82

cheer115

T1: 1min45s

The H5N1 is not transmitted between humans but there is a question to study: it is believed that the influenza is not dangerous because it can not survive in the air; however, the conditions that can transmute the virus are unknown.

T2: 1min50s

The virus is different from H5N1 and may be a threat for human beings. However, the study is kept from being revealed to the public and one explination is that more pubished information may entail more interventions.

T3: 1min40s

The test is called a dual-use research, which can be used in a good way to protect human beings from the illness on one hand and malused by the terrorists or someone else to create a terrifying panic. Based on the considration of security, the research team is composed of scientists of biological sciences and also people with security background.

T4: 1min40s

The mecanism that involves the people from security background in the team raised a problem: the publication of the research risks of being cancelled under the requirements of the security. The interviewee, however, is positive to face the mecanism.

T5: 1min30s

NSABB did not discuss with the scientist about the details of the publication. It turned out that the transmission of the virus was not as effective as it was thought to be.

yangyang2

1'15''
the virus now cannot be transmited among humans but it is likety to do harm to humans in the droplets and the interview to the researcher starts,in the interview, the researcher will tell us why the virus cannot be harmful to us through the mechanism of the research.
1'36''
this parts mainly focus on why the publishments exist to humans and the importance or the goal of these scientific discoveries
1'25''
this part expains why some scientists recommend to redact the outcome of the dicovery ,the reasons are that the outcome can be dual-used for good ones and bad ones.good:the other scientists can be informed the newest outcome and continue to do better for the better lives of humans,but some terrorits may try to do something which may arise more dangerous viruses which are so horrible.
1'24''
the committee to decide whether the article can be open to the public is well-done as there are not only famous scientists but recruiners in the committee and there are strict but excellent mechanism of the whole precoess including the seven questions which need the interewee who is also the edit of the science magzine to provide,and as the person who are in charge,he will absolutely respond to the committee positively .
1'18''
5'19''
the virus between birds pose a great threat on humans,though they did not communicate between humans,usually among thouse who have much contack with chickens and other potentially dangerous animals,which can be seen from the three severe viruses globally,in addition,the passage shows the dual-effect of the research shown from the manuscript .

Gap2017

T1 4m5s
T2 3m33s
T3 3m10s
T4 4m08s
T5 3m09s