[求助][讨论]求救!几道og题!og-169,og-183,0g-186,og-195

fernandochang

og 写的解释像天书!   还请大虾们救命!!!
OFFICIAL GUIDE CRITICAL REASONING
169. Corporate officers and directors commonly buy and sell, for their own portfolios, stock in their own corporations. Generally, when the ratio of such inside sales to inside purchases falls below 2 to 1 for a given stock, a rise in stock prices is imminent. In recent days, while the price of MEGA Corporation stock has been falling, the corporation's officers and directors have bought up to nine times as much of it as they have sold.

The facts above best support which of the following predictions?

(A) The imbalance between inside purchases and inside sales of MEGA stock will grow
even further.
(B) Inside purchases of MEGA stock are about to cease abruptly.
(C) The price of MEGA stock will soon begin to go up.
(D) The price of MEGA stock will continue to drop, but less rapidly.
(E) The majority of MEGA stock will soon be owned by MEGA's own officers and directors.
A）：C   

183.
Editorial:
Regulations recently imposed by the government of Risemia call for unprecedented reductions in the amounts of pollutants manufacturers are allowed to discharge into the environment. It will take costly new pollution control equipment requiring expensive maintenance to comply with these regulations. Resultant price increases for Risemian manufactured goods will lead to the loss of some export markets. Clearly, therefore, annual exports of Risemian manufactured goods will in the future occur at diminished levels.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument in the editorial?

(A) The need to comply with the new regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.
(B) The proposed regulations include a schedule of fines for noncompliance that escalate steeply in cases of repeated noncompliance.
(C) Savings from utilizing the chemicals captured by the pollution control equipment will remain far below the cost of maintaining the equipment.
(D) By international standards, the levels of pollutants currently emitted by some of Risemia's manufacturing plants are not considered excessive.
(E) The stockholders of most Risemia? manufacturing corporations exert substantial pressure on the corporations to comply with environmental laws.
A):A

186. Offshore oil-drilling operations entail an unavoidable risk of an oil spill, but importing oil on tankers presently entails an even greater such risk per barrel of oil. Therefore, if we are to reduce the risk of an oil spill without curtailing our use of oil, we must invest more in offshore operations and import less oil on tankers.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

(A) Tankers can easily be redesigned so that their use entails less risk of an oil spill.
(B) Oil spills caused by tankers have generally been more serious than those caused by offshore operations.
(C) The impact of offshore operations on the environment can be controlled by careful management.
(D) Offshore operations usually damage the ocean floor, but tankers rarely cause such damage.
(E) Importing oil on tankers is currently less expensive than drilling for it offshore.
A):

195.
A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations a taxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individuals would no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions would have to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

(A) Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, at least some wealthy individuals would not donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have.
(B) Money contributed by individuals who make their donations because of provisions in the federal tax laws provides the only source of funding for many charitable and educational institutions.
(C) The primary reason for not adopting the proposed change in the federal income tax laws cited above is to protect wealthy individuals from having to pay higher taxes.
(D) Wealthy individuals who donate money to charitable and educational institutions are the only individuals who donate money to such institutions.
(E) Income tax laws should be changed to make donations to charitable and educational institutions the only permissible deductions from taxable income.
A）：A

mike1999

第一题：应该属于演绎题型，注意文章的论证。它的前提是内部人买得多的时候价格肯定就要上升了。给出的条件是，尽管股价一直在跌，内部人买的比率迅速上升。从文章的前提条件就可以得出，价格是要上升了。
第二题：削弱题。这里运用的削弱方法是削弱结论的前提。它的前提是出口的下降是由价格的上升引起的。所以如果有其他原因可以不让出口下降，就是找到他因，就可以达到削弱的目的了。
第三题和前面一样。前提是油船漏油的危险大。如果有其他原因不让油船漏油，那么就可以达到削弱的目的了。
第四题是假设题 文章的推理结构是：no incentive-->reduction of donation-->some charitable organizaiton will close.假设就是要找到前提与结论之间的桥梁。就是inventive和close之间的关系，a很明显起到了这个作用。

Fabulous

still confused about 183

我爱欧洲

169。sale:purchase<2:1时，股价会立刻上升；目前sale:purchase=1:9.

结论：股价要涨。

smalltree

请NN指点og-183

piaony

觉得183 的答案A 牵强。 NN 给分析下， 谢谢！

Kevin4U

文章结论：Clearly, therefore, annual exports of Risemian manufactured goods （任何工业商品）will in the future occur at diminished levels.

找削弱：(A) The need to comply with the new regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.

A 反正减缓了 loss of some export markets，是他因削弱

n加感叹号

我也觉得牵强！

erer

政府规定减少污染企业, 导致新的控制污染设备的成本增加. 结果导致企业出口减少.因此企业出口会每年持续减少.

A: 政府规定导致企业开发新的污染控制设备, 这些设备的需求在全球增加.

A说明虽然以前的产品出口减少,但是新的设备的出口增加了, 所以总的出口不会每年减少.削弱结论

roric

企业原本就是pollutants生产商，然后A选项说他因会刺激新需求，来削弱企业pollution equipment出口减少。

是这样吗，我连题目都觉得不太好理解