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1'30"1'10" 1'19" 1'10" 1'50"
好喜欢baby的越障~简直就是GMAT的copy版本~谢谢啦~ 话说最近读越障的时候特别的慢,好像有时精神不集中,最好来个自我强迫症可能就能恢复状态了~ MI: The passage is to refute the generalization of theory that the animals behave as human-like and illustrate by showing two experiments. - Scientists argue that the animals can behave and think as human is not true. a. an experiment that the scientists place chimps and their partners together and choose the bananas from two of them (one is regular color, another one is regular one with wrap in different color). b. the scientist H. believes that the chimps don't prefer the noise when open the wraps of the banana is the reason that they don't choose. Other scientists agree with H.. However, these chimps are tested for several times of the same experiment, they still don't show the preference of the non-regular banana. Thus, this demonstrates that chimps don't have the similar behavior as human, and the "stimulus-reward" effect doesn't show from the animals' behavior, and the chimps seem to be more altruistic than we commonly think. c. Then the scientists held another experiment: they placed one rat in the restrainer with the alarm calls, and another free rat out of the restrainer. The study shows that the free rat would learn to open the gate to let another trapped rat out. So the scientist believes the effect of "empathy" works for rats when they are placed in a distress environment. d. However, other scientists refute this opinion by illustrating that the rats don't show their distress in the restrainer. because the free rat would explore the restrainer once opening the gate. This means the two rats don't assume the restrainer is a distressful place. - Through all these experiments above, the thought of human-like animals is not fully explained, although it shows the "empathy" in certain situations, there are still other ways need to be achieved to explore the cognitive animals' behavior. |
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