og-85 ABE的 解释为何是削弱hardin's claim?

horsefish

Question 85-86 are based on the following.

Hardin argued that grazing land held in common (that is, open to any user) would always be used less carefully than private grazing land. Each rancher would be tempted to overuse common land because the benefits would accrue to the individual, while the costs of reduced land quality that results from overuse would be spread among all users. But a study comparing 217 million acres of common grazing land with 433 million acres of private grazing land showed that the common land was in better condition.

85. The answer to which of the following questions would be most useful in evaluating the significance, in relation to Hardin’s claim, of the study described above?

(A) Did any of the ranchers whose land was studied use both common and private land?

(B) Did the ranchers whose land was studied tend to prefer using common land over using private land for grazing?

(C) Was the private land that was studied of comparable quality to the common land before either was used for grazing?

(D) Were the users of the common land that was studied at least as prosperous as the users of the private land?

(E) Were there any owners of herds who used only common land, and no private land, for grazing?

(choice C is the best answer. )

OG 解释: Choices A and E are inappropriate since the study can undermine Hardin’s Claim whether or not some ranchers use both sorts of land, or use only common land. Similarly, the study can undermine Hardin’s claim whether or not ranchers prefer to use common land, as B says.

A,B,E为何是undermine hardin's claim?谢谢

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-10-22 0:19:14编辑过]

vincent0330

个人觉的(A)(B)(E)都在undermine the assumption of H's theory, 但只有(C)是对H's theory所预测的结果与另一个与H's theory预测结果完全相反的result做evaluate

horsefish

以下是引用vincent0330在2004-8-21 21:35:00的发言：
个人觉的(A)(B)(E)都在undermine the assumption of H's theory, 但只有(C)是对H's theory所预测的结果与另一个与H's theory预测结果完全相反的result做evaluate

什么是 the assumption of H's theory? 答案我找的没问题, 就是看OG解释各项时没明白.

vincent0330

以下是引用horsefish在2004-8-21 22:00:00的发言：

什么是 the assumption of H's theory? 答案我找的没问题, 就是看OG解释各项时没明白.

其实这题题目与OG思路都写的很绕, 我本来看不太懂说, 只是觉得题目要的是evaluate the significane of the H's study, 而非去weaken H's 的theory

所以(C)的答案, 若是yes, 则H's theory就不成立了, 因为照H's theory推导出来的结果与实际不同, 若回答no, 则H's的theory 还成立

若(A)回答no, 则H不成立, 因为H说大家都用两种地, 若回答yes, 则H也不成立, 因为实际结果与H预测的不同

同样的(E)回答yes, H不成立, 因为H说大家都用两种地, 若回答yes, 则H也不成立, 因为实际结果与H预测的不同, (A)(E)算是以相反的角度问同样的问题, 主要weaken H的一个条件---共用两种地

(B)回答yes, 则H也不成立, 因为实际结果与H预测的不同, 若(B)回答no, H不成立, 因为H说大家都用两种地

(B)是以weaken H另一个条件的方式--- much more overusing in common land than in private land.

这问题很棒, 我之前看OG没有细想这题.....

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-8-31 5:00:55编辑过]

horsefish

up, 请NN帮忙! 我还是想知道OG对A,B,E解释的意思

lawyer_1

horsefish版主还真有那股不把问题搞清楚不罢休的劲。

OG的意思是对ABE的问题的回答（是还是否），都不能影响原文的推理，即不能影响原文的STUDY对CLAIM的反驳作用。the study can undermine Hardin’s Claim （原文的推理）一样成立。

horsefish

以下是引用lawyer_1在2004-9-19 8:07:00的发言：

horsefish版主还真有那股不把问题搞清楚不罢休的劲。

OG的意思是对ABE的问题的回答（是还是否），都不能影响原文的推理，即不能影响原文的STUDY对CLAIM的反驳作用。the study can undermine Hardin’s Claim （原文的推理）一样成立。

懂了, 原来我没看出来the study can undermine Hardin’s Claim （原文的推理）意思, 我把这句和后面连到一起看, 越看越糊涂. 谢谢lawyer_1!

偶的逻辑就是琢磨OG练的, 哪个选项要是没懂就坐卧不安啊.

wjqchasedream

我是新手，我对评价题的作题思路和方法把握不准，NN们能不能稍微指点一下，谢谢先。

foreinter

看完ＮＮ的回答，有种豁然开朗的感觉。

harlequin

看了lawyerNN的话，开始还是不明白，回过头来才知道原来没把问题看明白，把语序改成这样：...be most usefule in evaluating the significance of the study described avove in relation to Hardin's claim就好理解问题的意思了：）