求教！关于doing做伴随状语。

babybearmm

都是好问题啊~~~~

1.
V-ing ..., S+V+O       句首的 "v-ing...," 就是作为noun modifier，修饰临近noun，也就是subject
比如ls有位同学举的这个例子，
OG verbal 2nd 113
In A.D. 391. resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria, later generations lost all but the Iliad and Odyssey among Greek epics, most of the poetry of Pindar and Sappho, and dozens of plays by Aeschylus and Euripides.
就是resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria, 修饰接下来的主语later generations
但是，later generations are resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria
这句话逻辑上合理么？不合理！因此(A)选项是错的。

这个结构的正确例子： (From Manhattan p255)
Having been shown into the office, Julia waited for the dentist to arrive.


2. v-ing放在后面的情况，要看前面有没有逗号，两者截然不同

2.1 如果"v-ing ..."前面没有逗号，那么是作为noun modifier，遵从touch rule，修饰临近的noun
e.g.
Many daring vacationers who participatein guided boat tours on the Tarcoles River encounter native crocodiles lurking in the shallows, with eyes and noses peeking out from the surface of the murky water.

2.2 如果是", v-ing ..."，那么作为状语(adverbial phrase)，修饰前面整个动作，需要share逻辑主语
以下直接贴Ron的吧，讲得真好，强烈推荐，最后那个例子相当经典

the "comma + ing" modifiershould only be used when:
(A)
it MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of thepreceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause;

AND

(B)
one of the following is true:
(1) the "ing" action isSIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
- i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my armswildly
(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECTAND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
- i got a 100 on the most recent exam,bringing my average up to 91

--

since COMMA + -ING clauses are automaticallyattributed to the SUBJECT of the preceding clause, this modifies the moon.
as it clearly should, in context.

also note that it applies not only to thatsubject, but to the entire action of that clause (this is what makes it"adverbial").


two problems with that choice:

1) when you use a COMMA -ING modifier after a clause**, you should actuallysatisfy TWO requirements:
-- the modifier should modify the action of the preceding clause, as youhave stated;
AND
-- the subject of the preceding clause should also make sense as the agentof the -ING action.

examples:
Joe broke the window, angering his father. -->this sentence makes sense, because it correctly implies that joe"angered his father".
the window was broken by Joe, angering his father.--> this sentence doesn't make sense, because it implies that the window(i.e., not joe himself) angered joe's father.

my brother tricked me, disappointing Dad --> implies that dad isdisappointed in my brother for tricking me (and not necessarily disappointed inme for being tricked).
i was tricked by my brother, disappointing Dad --> implies that dadis disappointed in me because i fell for my brother's trick (and not that he'sdisappointed in my brother for tricking me).

ing是非谓语，非谓语在句子中除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以
某位nn总结
1.doing/done,svo 注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致
2.prep/conj.+doing/done,svo  注意非此的逻辑主语与s一致
3.是s,doing/done,v分词做定语修饰主语
注意：如果出现 名词，doing,名词，则会有分词前后的修饰歧义
4.svo+doing分词做定语修饰宾语
5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义

这道题我说不定，顶一顶，期待NN~~！！

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

那doing做定语从句和状语的区别就在有没有逗号是么？？

-- by 会员 wsyzzydy (2012/1/31 19:13:55)

babybearmm

suri说
"svo，ing 有可能 ing有修饰宾语o的歧义"

你能"comma+ing"找到修饰宾语的例子么？

反正按Ron说的，"comma+ing"做状语，"no comma+ing"修饰前面那个名词（一般是宾语）

我觉得肯定不行呀，又不是限制性与非限制性的区别，而且我引用的这位nn的第三点后来我做og的时候发现有个题目正确选项就是 S，having···,V+O,所以我觉得不能绝对一概而论，具体情况具体分析~~是做定语从句还是状语从句要结合具体的句子分析其在句子中的作用
看第五条5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义，  svo，ing 有可能 ing有修饰宾语o的歧义
所以做题不可过于绝对了

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 9:19:15)

Suri在奋斗

都是好问题啊~~~~

1.
V-ing ..., S+V+O       句首的 "v-ing...," 就是作为noun modifier，修饰临近noun，也就是subject
比如ls有位同学举的这个例子，
OG verbal 2nd 113
In A.D. 391. resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria,later generations lost all but the Iliad and Odyssey among Greek epics, most of the poetry of Pindar and Sappho, and dozens of plays by Aeschylus and Euripides.
就是resulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria, 修饰接下来的主语later generations
但是，later generations areresulting from the destruction of the largest library of the ancient world at Alexandria
这句话逻辑上合理么？不合理！因此(A)选项是错的。

这个结构的正确例子： (From Manhattan p255)
Having been shown into the office, Julia waited for the dentist to arrive.


2. v-ing放在后面的情况，要看前面有没有逗号，两者截然不同

2.1 如果"v-ing ..."前面没有逗号，那么是作为noun modifier，遵从touch rule，修饰临近的noun
e.g.
Many daring vacationers who participatein guided boat tours on the Tarcoles River encounter native crocodileslurking in the shallows, with eyes and noses peeking out from the surface of the murky water.

2.2 如果是", v-ing ..."，那么作为状语(adverbial phrase)，修饰前面整个动作，需要share逻辑主语
以下直接贴Ron的吧，讲得真好，强烈推荐，最后那个例子相当经典

the "comma + ing" modifiershould only be used when:
(A)
it MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of thepreceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause;

AND

(B)
one of the following is true:
(1) the "ing" action isSIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
- i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my armswildly
(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECTAND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
- i got a 100 on the most recent exam,bringing my average up to 91

--

since COMMA + -ING clauses are automaticallyattributed to the SUBJECT of the preceding clause, this modifies the moon.
as it clearly should, in context.

also note that it applies not only to thatsubject, but to the entire action of that clause (this is what makes it"adverbial").


two problems with that choice:

1) when you use a COMMA -ING modifier after a clause**, you should actuallysatisfy TWO requirements:
-- the modifier should modify the action of the preceding clause, as youhave stated;
AND
-- the subject of the preceding clause should also make sense as the agentof the -ING action.

examples:
Joe broke the window, angering his father. -->this sentence makes sense, because it correctly implies that joe"angered his father".
the window was broken by Joe, angering his father.--> this sentence doesn't make sense, because it implies that the window(i.e., not joe himself) angered joe's father.

my brother tricked me, disappointing Dad --> implies that dad isdisappointed in my brother for tricking me (and not necessarily disappointed inme for being tricked).
i was tricked by my brother, disappointing Dad --> implies that dadis disappointed in me because i fell for my brother's trick (and not that he'sdisappointed in my brother for tricking me).

ing是非谓语，非谓语在句子中除了不能做谓语外，其他成分都可以
某位nn总结
1.doing/done,svo 注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致
2.prep/conj.+doing/done,svo  注意非此的逻辑主语与s一致
3.是s,doing/done,v分词做定语修饰主语
注意：如果出现 名词，doing,名词，则会有分词前后的修饰歧义
4.svo+doing分词做定语修饰宾语
5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义

这道题我说不定，顶一顶，期待NN~~！！

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/31 18:17:16)

那doing做定语从句和状语的区别就在有没有逗号是么？？

-- by 会员 wsyzzydy (2012/1/31 19:13:55)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 10:04:48)

意思是说  comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么

我看的一个帖子说白勇里面说  结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因
姐姐你看og47

Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised transplants from Norway began in 1975.
A bringing
B and brings
C and it brings
D and it brought
E and brought
这里bringing这个动作eagles发不出，而是说整句 五只雏燕的离开是使数量变成34


再看prep一道
The number of people flying first class on domestic flights rose sharply in 1990, doubling the increase of the previous year.  
A. doubling the increase of
B. doubling that of the increase in
C. double as much as the increase of
D. twice as many as the increase in
E. twice as many as the increase of

选A，这道题目的意思是说增长是去年增长的两倍 是增长之间的比较 不是说人数之间的比较
而假如doubling的主语是the number of people
句子可以还原成   the number of people double the increase of the previous那么将人和增长比较，逻辑是不通的把
ING FOLLOWED BY A COMMA modifies the entire action of the preceding clause，如果看主语是话是否看具体情况，就如一个nns说的引用白勇的是说
在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末
1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于主句主语
2）伴随结果，整个句子是原因，到时分词动作产生，无逻辑主语
写到这里·······
我又觉得突然
现在举得这个例子是属于伴随动作是第一种，是逻辑主语等于主句主语，我错了


那上一道老鹰的题目，是个结果状语把，是整件句子是原因，无逻辑主语

teddybearj4

[/quote]意思是说  comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么

我看的一个帖子说白勇里面说  结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因
姐姐你看og47

Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised transplants from Norway began in 1975.
A bringing
B and brings
C and it brings
D and it brought
E and brought
这里bringing这个动作eagles发不出，而是说整句 五只雏燕的离开是使数量变成34


再看prep一道
The number of people flying first class on domestic flights rose sharply in 1990, doubling the increase of the previous year.  
A. doubling the increase of
B. doubling that of the increase in
C. double as much as the increase of
D. twice as many as the increase in
E. twice as many as the increase of

选A，这道题目的意思是说增长是去年增长的两倍 是增长之间的比较 不是说人数之间的比较
而假如doubling的主语是the number of people
句子可以还原成   the number of people double the increase of the previous那么将人和增长比较，逻辑是不通的把
ING FOLLOWED BY A COMMA modifies the entire action of the preceding clause，如果看主语是话是否看具体情况，就如一个nns说的引用白勇的是说
在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末
1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于主句主语
2）伴随结果，整个句子是原因，到时分词动作产生，无逻辑主语
写到这里·······
我又觉得突然
现在举得这个例子是属于伴随动作是第一种，是逻辑主语等于主句主语，我错了


那上一道老鹰的题目，是个结果状语把，是整件句子是原因，无逻辑主语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 10:29:56)

[/quote]

同问呀！comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么?
刚准备回帖就发现suri已经问了！顶呀！

babybearmm

surri和teddy问的好问题啊！我试着说我的看法，欢迎探讨~~~请原谅，我从没正经用中文学过英语语法，更没看过BY了....所以我翻译的Ron的话可能翻错（我先前说的是share主句主语，不严密，sorry）.....还是直接引英文原话好了：

the "comma+ing" modifier
MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of the preceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause

我想请大家理解下这两个动词，为什么用"modifies the entire action" "applies to the subject"
而不是反过来。

首先说，这个"comma+ing" modifier 属于"adverbial modifier"（状语），就是修饰整个动作(entire action)

"applies to the subject"怎么理解？applies不等于modifies。
同学们提到用", v-ing"有两种情况：
(1) the "ing" action is SIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
   - i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my arms wildly
这个就是大家说的“表伴随”，这里 ", flapping my arms wildly" 修饰前面整个动作，同时这个动作也是主语发出的，所以"applies to the subject".

(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECT AND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
   - i got a 100 on the most recent exam, bringing my average up to 91
这个是大家说的“表结果”，Ron特意强调"direct and immediate consequence"。
我想这就是大家的困惑，大家认为是 the entire action (i got a 100 recently) brings my average up to 91.
我觉得这样理解没错。
Again，回到那个"modifies" "applies"
"，bringing my average up to 91"这个描述的是the entire action，所以是"modifies the entire action"
这里有两个动作，第一个动作是got a 100 on the most recent exam，第二个动作是由第一个动作直接产生的bringing my average up to 91。我们这么理解：
主语发出了第一个动作，由此产生了第二个动作
所以，第二个动作是由主语间接发出的, 也就是说"applies to the subject"

对于suri dd举的两个例子，我觉得，从这个"applies to the subject"的角度，可以理解了吧？

另外我想更正下，我之前说“修饰主句动作”“share主句主语”都不严密，我说的“主句”应该改成"preceding clause"，而"preceding clause"并不一定是主句。
在简单的例子里，preceding clause=主句
但如果句式复杂点，比如主句套从句甚至再套一层从句，然后"comma + v-ing"，这种情况下咱要注意它是修饰"preceding clause"的。

babybearmm

我觉得你的分析没错，白勇书上认为“结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因”也不能算错，其实咱从逻辑上理解清楚这个", v-ing"什么时候适合用、什么时候不能用，就好了。至于怎么个理解法，按你自己能理解的思路去理解

反正我现在就理解为"modifies the entire action" and "applies to the subject"（至于什么叫做applies，直接的、间接的，都算applies）

意思是说  comma+ving不管是伴随状语还是结果状语都必须其逻辑主语和主句主语一致么

我看的一个帖子说白勇里面说  结果状语的时候哇，木有逻辑主语,整个句子是原因
姐姐你看og47

Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised transplants from Norway began in 1975.
A bringing
B and brings
C and it brings
D and it brought
E and brought
这里bringing这个动作eagles发不出，而是说整句 五只雏燕的离开是使数量变成34


再看prep一道
The number of people flying first class on domestic flights rose sharply in 1990, doubling the increase of the previous year.  
A. doubling the increase of
B. doubling that of the increase in
C. double as much as the increase of
D. twice as many as the increase in
E. twice as many as the increase of

选A，这道题目的意思是说增长是去年增长的两倍 是增长之间的比较 不是说人数之间的比较
而假如doubling的主语是the number of people
句子可以还原成   the number of people double the increase of the previous那么将人和增长比较，逻辑是不通的把
ING FOLLOWED BY A COMMA modifies the entire action of the preceding clause，如果看主语是话是否看具体情况，就如一个nns说的引用白勇的是说
在白勇书里，ing分词短语在句末
1）伴随动作：状态和功能，与句子的谓语动作同时发生，逻辑主语等于主句主语
2）伴随结果，整个句子是原因，到时分词动作产生，无逻辑主语
写到这里·······
我又觉得突然
现在举得这个例子是属于伴随动作是第一种，是逻辑主语等于主句主语，我错了


那上一道老鹰的题目，是个结果状语把，是整件句子是原因，无逻辑主语

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 10:29:56)

Suri在奋斗

surri和teddy问的好问题啊！我试着说我的看法，欢迎探讨~~~请原谅，我从没正经用中文学过英语语法，更没看过BY了....所以我翻译的Ron的话可能翻错（我先前说的是share主句主语，不严密，sorry）.....还是直接引英文原话好了：

the "comma+ing" modifier
MODIFIES THE ENTIRE ACTION of the preceding clause, and it APPLIES TO THE SUBJECT of that clause

我想请大家理解下这两个动词，为什么用"modifies the entire action" "applies to the subject"
而不是反过来。

首先说，这个"comma+ing" modifier 属于"adverbial modifier"。我们知道adverb是副词，修饰动词，那"adverbial modifier"这就是说他相当于一个"作修饰成分的副词短语”（汗..不知道中文怎么说）. 既然副词修饰动词，那么adverbial modifier就是修饰整个动作(entire action)

"applies to the subject"怎么理解？applies不等于modifies。
同学们提到用", v-ing"有两种情况：
(1) the "ing" action is SIMULTANEOUS with, and SUBORDINATE to, the main action;
   - i ran down the sidewalk, flapping my arms wildly
这个就是大家说的“表伴随”，这里 ", flapping my arms wildly" 修饰前面整个动作，同时这个动作也是主语发出的，所以"applies to the subject".

(2) the "ing" action is a DIRECT AND IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCE of the main action.
   - i got a 100 on the most recent exam, bringing my average up to 91
这个是大家说的“表结果”，Ron特意强调"direct and immediateconsequence"。
我想这就是大家的困惑，大家认为是 the entire action (i got a 100 recently) brings my average up to 91.
我觉得这样理解没错。
Again，回到那个"modifies" "applies"
"，bringing my average up to 91"这个描述的是the entire action，所以是"modifies the entire action"
这里有两个动作，第一个动作是got a 100 on the most recent exam，第二个动作是由第一个动作直接产生的bringing my average up to 91。我们这么理解：
主语发出了第一个动作，由此产生了第二个动作
所以，第二个动作是由主语间接发出的, 也就是说"applies to the subject"

对于suri dd举的两个例子，我觉得，从这个"applies to the subject"的角度，可以理解了吧？

另外我想更正下，我之前说“修饰主句动作”“share主句主语”都不严密，我说的“主句”应该改成"preceding clause"，而"preceding clause"并不一定是主句。
在简单的例子里，preceding clause=主句
但如果句式复杂点，比如主句套从句甚至再套一层从句，然后"comma + v-ing"，这种情况下咱要注意它是修饰"preceding clause"的。

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 14:01:25)

applies to恩恩，懂啦

teddybearj4

反正我现在就理解为"modifies the entire action" and "applies to the subject"（至于什么叫做applies，直接的、间接的，都算applies）

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 14:13:48)

这句话真心说得好啊！高度浓缩的精华啊！baby姐姐的回答让这个帖好有含金量！
谢谢大家的庖丁解牛，学到了!

wsyzzydy

看大家前面的帖子不知不觉看了快一个小时，学到了哈！谢谢各位

Suri在奋斗

suri说
"svo，ing 有可能 ing有修饰宾语o的歧义"

你能"comma+ing"找到修饰宾语的例子么？

反正按Ron说的，"comma+ing"做状语，"no comma+ing"修饰前面那个名词（一般是宾语）

我觉得肯定不行呀，又不是限制性与非限制性的区别，而且我引用的这位nn的第三点后来我做og的时候发现有个题目正确选项就是 S，having···,V+O,所以我觉得不能绝对一概而论，具体情况具体分析~~是做定语从句还是状语从句要结合具体的句子分析其在句子中的作用
看第五条5.svo,doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B。其次做定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义，  svo，ing 有可能 ing有修饰宾语o的歧义
所以做题不可过于绝对了

-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/2/1 9:19:15)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/1 10:11:54)

今天找到啦，好兴奋，og12 65

  In a plan to stop the erosion of East Coast beaches, the Army Corps of Engineers proposed building parallel to shore a breakwater of rocks that would rise six feet above the waterline and act as a buffer, so that it absorbs the energy of crashing waves and protecting the beaches.

(A)        act as a buffer, so that it absorbs


(B)        act like a buffer so as to absorb


(C)       act as a buffer, absorbing


(D)       acting as a buffer, absorbing


(E)     acting like a buffer, absorb
正确答案中c，absorbing就是修饰buffer
SVO，doing
A.分词优先作状语（伴随状语，结果状语）
B.其次作定语，但没有定语从句清晰，会有修饰歧义
所以在这里，是做了定语

如果还有一个选项 是用的定语从句的话，那么那个选项更好啦~~