feifei-106

tony6

106. The seventeenth-century physicist Sir Isaac Newton is remembered chiefly for his treatises on motion and gravity. But Newton also conducted experiments secretly for many years based on the arcane theories of alchemy, trying unsuccessfully to transmute common metals into gold and produce rejuvenating elixirs. If the alchemists of the seventeenth century had published the results of their experiments, chemistry in the eighteenth century would have been more advance than it actually was.

Which one of the following assumptions would allow the conclusion concerning eighteenth-century chemistry to be properly drawn?

A.        Scientific progress is retarded by the reluctance of historians to acknowledge the failures of some of the great scientists.

B.        Advances in science are hastened when reports of experiments, whether successful or not, are available for review by other scientists.

C.        Newton’s work on motion and gravity would not have gained wide acceptance if the results of his work in alchemy had also been made public.

D.       Increasing specialization within the sciences makes it difficult for scientists in one field to understand the principles of other fields.

E.        The seventeenth-century alchemists could have achieved their goal only if their experiments had been subjected to public scrutiny.

【正确答案】B

假设题型一般桥梁型比较多，此题的类型我觉得比较少，答案其实是把文中的最后一句话改写了一下，哪位G友见到有其他的例子，一起贴出来，加深一下印象？谢谢。

robertchu

B is not exactly a straight repharase of the last sentence of the passage.  There is actual logical relationship between B and the last sentence: B provides a general claim, and if B is true, the last sentence, as a specific instance of the general claim, will be true.

tony6

thank u, robert.

BTW, could you enumerate some other examples similar to this one?

晴天小狗

谁能解释一下为什么选B

谢谢

yboo

原题：
17世纪，牛顿以古代alchemy理论为基础做试验，失败。如果与他同时代（17世纪）的alchemists能够发表他们的实验结果，那么18世纪的chemistry就会比当时的实际情况要先进（即加速发展）。

B选项："实验结果如果能被其他科学家借鉴，科学会加速发展。"

B的取反：即使＂实验结果能被其他科学家借鉴＂，科学也不会加速发展。那么，原题的结论就不能得到了。所以B是assumption（即＂必要条件＂）。

晴天小狗

以下是引用yboo在2006-9-13 21:43:00的发言：
原题：
17世纪，牛顿以古代alchemy理论为基础做试验，失败。如果与他同时代（17世纪）的alchemists能够发表他们的实验结果，那么18世纪的chemistry就会比当时的实际情况要先进（即加速发展）。

B选项："实验结果如果能被其他科学家借鉴，科学会加速发展。"

B的取反：即使＂实验结果能被其他科学家借鉴＂，科学也不会加速发展。那么，原题的结论就不能得到了。所以B是assumption（即＂必要条件＂）。

精神！

谢谢

晴天小狗

不行，今天一看又不明白了

原文中没有说 借鉴不借鉴啊

我一开始就理解错了，以为是跟nt的名人效应有关呢

晴天小狗

请问原文里面哪有别的科学家 借鉴不借鉴的事儿啊

gonghao

如果17世纪有人出版练金术的文章，那么牛顿就不必自己再去做试验验证，从而加快科学的发展

于此，在上述例子中，NT相对于17试剂的人，就是个other scientist

晴天小狗

谢谢斑斑 先

但是我觉得好奇怪

您的意思是说： 如果nt不做练金术的实验，他就可以更多的研究他自己的领域么？于是加速科学发展？

我是不是完全理解错了？

见笑！ 但是 不耻下问

请指教