【每日逻辑练习第二季【2-5】

cyndichiang

精炼：26‘’
premise: Sleep deprivation is the cause of many social ills, ranging from irritability to potentially dangerous instances of impaired decision making.
Conclusion: we should restructure the workday to allow people flexibility in scheduling their work hours.
Q: support
prephrase: 有因有果more flexibility in scheduling their work hours can relieve the sleep deprivation
               无因无果：people who have less flexible schedule more seriously suffered sleep deprivation



(A) The primary cause of sleep deprivation is
overwork.-----irrelevant; we cannot get any information of overwork from the argument and the conclusion concerns with the flexible schedule
(B) Employees would get more sleep if they had
greater latitude in scheduling their work
hours.-----Correct; 有因有果的例证
(C) Individuals vary widely in the amount of sleep
they require.------irrelevant; the argument has already suggested that the most people have suffered to some degree; This answer may hurt the argument by suggesting that some individuals cannot be
helped by the restructuring of the workday
(D) More people would suffer from sleep
deprivation today than did in the past if the
average number of hours worked per week
had not decreased.------irrelevant; this statement explains that decreased avg number of hours worked per day can relieve the sleep deprivation, but doesn't explain the flexibility of schedule time
(E) The extent of one’s sleep deprivation is
proportional to the length of one’s workday.-------the extent is proportion cannot strengthen the conclusion


逻辑链：
1.premise：over the past five years H's public water supply has had a high level of pollutants.  
conclusion: H's water is responsible for the high rate of new cases of the disease.
Q:support EXCEPT
prephrase: 果推因。指出它因：other factors such as immigration of some species at the same time

2.31''
premise:A new commercial radio station plans to play songs that were popular hits fifteen to twenty-five years ago.  
conclusion: it can attract an audience made up mainly of people between thirty-five and forty-five years old and thereby to have a strong market appeal to advertisers.
Q: support EXCEPT
prephrase: 找出削弱的选项：因推果，这里感觉有gap。underlying assumption is : people among 35-45 years old will listen to radio or these people must love listen to popular songs at that time

3.53''绕晕了
premise：the likelihood to suffer headache
               "common": Siblings and spouses 2X the general to suffer
              "classical" :Siblings  4X the general    &   Spouses = general  
Conclusion:???
Q:must be true
prephrase: the closer the relationship between the two, the more likely to infest this headache
               classical in more genetic determinant than common

4. 37''
premise:the public rest areas along our highways cannot accommodate all the drivers needing a break
premise:if the parking lots around our businesses are considered, there are more than enough parking places.
conclusion:  build more rest areas can increase the rate of compliance.
Q:support
prephrase: people will not park around the businesses place but only park long the highway

echo-LUO

精练失眠导致身体和大脑功能的衰弱—>现在大多数人都失眠—>应该让人们重新规划白天的工作时间
assumption：重新规划白天时间可以帮助人们克服失眠
(A) The primary cause of sleep deprivation is overwork. 和overwork无关
(B) Employees would get more sleep if they had greater latitude in scheduling their work hours.
(C) Individuals vary widely in the amount of sleep they require. 无关
(D) More people would suffer from sleep deprivation today than did in the past if the average number of hours worked per week had not decreased. 和工作时间减少无关，是reschedule
(E) The extent of one’s sleep deprivation is proportional to the length of one’s workday. 无关
我的选择：B

Lincy123

P：睡眠不足不好
C：要重新安排工作日让他们自由安排时间
Strengthen：自由安排工作日时间和睡眠不足的关系
A）        睡眠不足的主要原因是加班
B）        如果员工可以自由安排工作时间，就可以获得更多睡眠。Correct
C）        每个人需要的睡眠时间不同。无关
D）        如果平均工作时间没有下降，更多人会睡眠不足。
E）        睡眠不足的时间和工作日长度有关

P：过去5年公共水严重污染
C：水导致了新疾病的高发率
Not support：他因
A）        大部分H城患病者喝水的量比其他城市的多
B）        同种污染的水也与其他高发病率的城镇相连
C）        在水污染前就生病，correct
D）        使用私用水的人发病率小
E）        没有水污染的地方分患病率小

P：电台播放15-25年前的流行歌，吸引35-45岁的听众，
C：吸引广告商
Weaken：不吸引广告商、不吸引听众
A）        人们非常喜欢10+20+岁时的歌
B）        类似的电台行为成功了
C）        35-45岁的听众更喜欢听新闻而非音乐。，correct
D）        35-45岁的人有高收入喜欢买家用
E）        在现有电台中没有哪个电台放歌超过一小时

Comm：患者的兄弟和夫妻患病率是普通人的两倍
Class：患者的兄弟患病率是普通人的四倍，夫妻患病率不会比普通人高
A）        classical 更可能是靠遗传。Correct
B）        单身更可能传染classical
C）        没患病的人不大可能有患病的夫妻
D）        患者的小孩不会比普通人更容易患病
E）        在1/4和1/2的普通人中会患comm或classical

P：在高速公路上提供休息的公共休息区不够
C：建造更多的公共休息区让司机休息
Objection：商业停车场也算进去就足够了
A）        公共停车区在高速公路上均匀分布。无关
B）        卡车司机更不愿意最受规则，如果加上休息时间不足一小时，总共的路途时间都要超过10小时
C）        跟公共休息区比，私人停车场很费时间。Correct
D）        即使有地方停车，有的司机会停在access ramp上，很可能引发事故
E）        一些公共停车场，特别是高度使用的马路，比其他马路都大