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2.
Medical doctor: Sleep deprivation is the cause of
many social ills, ranging from irritability to
potentially dangerous instances of impaired
decision making. Most people today suffer
from sleep deprivation to some degree.
Therefore we should restructure the workday to
allow people flexibility in scheduling their
work hours.
In this argument, a key is that the flexibility in scheduling the work hours does not mean the decline in work hours. So if people can have this flexibility, they will sleep more, and reduce the effects of sleep deprivation.
Which one of the following, if true, would most
strengthen the medical doctor’s argument?
(A) The primary cause of sleep deprivation is
overwork.
Even restructuring the workday, people may still overwork.
(B) Employees would get more sleep if they had
greater latitude in scheduling their work
hours.
In this case, it points out a gap in the logic chain, thus making the argument more reasonable. BA
(C) Individuals vary widely in the amount of sleep
they require.
It seems to a contender, but if they do not sleep more, they cannot get benefit from the proposal.
(D) More people would suffer from sleep
deprivation today than did in the past if the
average number of hours worked per week
had not decreased.
Restructuring the workday is equal to the decline in the work-hour per week.
(E) The extent of one’s sleep deprivation is
proportional to the length of one’s workday.
The length of one’s workday is irrelevant to the flexibility in scheduling work hours.
25. (30469-!-item-!-188;#058&005456)
In the past year Harborville has had an unusually high rate of new cases of a certain disease. An investigation revealed that over the past five years Harborville's public water supply has had a high level of pollutants. Medical researchers have hypothesized that Harborville's water is responsible for the high rate of new cases of the disease.
Each of the following, if true, provides additional support for the researchers' hypothesis EXCEPT:
(A) Most of the people afflicted with new cases of the disease had regularly drunk larger quantities of Harborville's water than had other Harborville residents.
This answer choice strengthens the argument by showing that the data used to make the conclusion is reliable.
(B) The same type of pollutants that were found in Harborville's water have independently been linked to occurrences in other towns of high rates of the disease.
The comparison between this place and other towns make the argument more valid.
(C) Some of the people with newly diagnosed cases of the disease began to develop the disease before Harborville's water became polluted.
This weakens the argument by showing that when the effect occur, the cause does not occur. BA
(D) The rate of new cases of the disease among residents of Harborville who get their water from private sources is not unusually high.
Since the pollutants occur in the public water, the low disease rate in private sources strengthens the argument.
(E) Towns with geographic and demographic characteristics similar to those of Harborville but without polluted water do not have as high a rate of the disease as does Harborville.
This comparison makes the argument more valid.
26. (30517-!-item-!-188;#058&005463)
A new commercial radio station in Greenfield plans to play songs that were popular hits fifteen to twenty-five years ago. It hopes in this way to attract an audience made up mainly of people between thirty-five and forty-five years old and thereby to have a strong market appeal to advertisers.
Each of the following, if true, strengthens the prospects that the radio station's plan will succeed EXCEPT:
(A) People tend to remain very fond of the music that they heard when they were in their teens and early twenties.
If people like those old music, they will pay attention on them, thus strengthening the argument.
(B) In a number of cities demographically similar to Greenfield, radio stations that play recordings of popular music from fifteen to twenty-five years ago have succeeded commercially.
This answer choice strengthens the argument by showing that the data used to make the conclusion is valid.
(C) People in the thirty-five- to forty-five-year-old age group are more likely to listen to the radio for news than for music.
In this case, it weakens the argument by showing that those people are more likely to listen to the radio for news than for music; thus the market for music seems to be smaller than the new commercial radio station expected. BA
(D) The thirty-five- to forty-five-year-old age group is one in which people tend to have comparatively high levels of income and are involved in making household purchases.
It strengthens the argument by showing that the market will be very profitable.
(E) Among the few radio stations in the Greenfield area, there is none that plays music from this particular period for more than a few hours per week.
If the new commercial station does, it may benefit from the action.
27. (30565-!-item-!-188;#058&005567)
Among people who experience migraine headaches, some experience what doctors call "common" migraines, whereas others experience "classical" migraines. Siblings and spouses of common migraine sufferers are themselves twice as likely as the general population to experience common migraines. Siblings of classical migraine sufferers are four times more likely than the general population to experience classical migraines, whereas spouses of classical migraine sufferers are no more likely than the general population to experience such headaches.
The information above provides the most support for which of the following hypotheses?
(A) Susceptibility to classical migraines is more dependent on hereditary factors than is susceptibility to common migraines.
Yes, from the one-quarter classical migraine rate between general population and siblings and the one-half common migraine rate between general population and siblings and spouses, we can see the hereditary factors are very related and susceptibility of classical migraines is more dependent on hereditary factors than is susceptibility to common migraines. BA
(B) Unmarried adults are more likely to suffer from classical migraines than they are to suffer from common migraines.
Unmarried adults cannot make the comparison valid.
(C) People who do not experience migraine headaches are unlikely to have spouses who are migraine headache sufferers.
Not referred.
(D) Children of people who suffer from common migraines are not more likely than the general population to experience a common migraine.
Not referred.
(E) Between one-quarter and one-half of the general population suffer from either common or classical migraine headaches.
Not referred.
28. (30615-!-item-!-188;#058&005660)
Hutonian Government Official: Federal law requires truck drivers to take a long break after driving for ten hours, but truck drivers frequently do not comply. Since the public rest areas along our highways cannot accommodate all the drivers needing a break, we plan to build more rest areas to increase the rate of compliance.
Hutonian Business Representative: But if the parking lots around our businesses are considered, there are more than enough parking places.
Which of the following, if true about Hutonia, would provide a reason for persisting with the government official's plan despite the objection?Please notice the question!
(A) Public parking areas are evenly distributed along the highways.
This answer choice weakens the official’s plan by showing that the public parking areas are available to drivers.
(B) Truck drivers are most likely not to comply with the federal law if the total time required for a trip exceeds ten hours by less than an hour.
Not evidence implies the decline in the time.
(C) In comparison to public rest areas, private parking lots near highways tend to be time-consuming for drivers to reach.
In this case, a disadvantage of the private parking lots has been considered, thus making the official’s plan much more valid. BA
(D) Even when rest areas are available, some truck drivers park in places, such as highway access ramps, where their trucks are likely to cause accidents.
Some truck drivers are not representative to the total drivers.
(E) Some public parking areas, particularly those on heavily traveled roads, are substantially larger than others.
This weakens the argument by showing that some public parking areas are already large enough for drivers.
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发表于 2013-1-18 11:47:12
