【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-11】

cyndichiang

逻辑链：
1.40''
premise:the number of cars owned by residents and the total distance traveled by cars in East Germany both increased by about 40 percent.
Conclusion:  In those two years, however, the number of East German residents killed each year as car occupants in traffic accidents increased by about 300 percent.
Q:Explain
prephrase: more people got in cars thus the number of residents increased.
               more people are reported in those 2 year,whereas the killed residents were not reported.

2.50''
premise: the reduction of amount of pollutants require companies to use costly new pollution control equipment that needs expensive maintenance
premise:Resultant price increases for Risemian manufactured goods will lead to the loss of some export markets
Conclusion: annual exports of Risemian manufactured goods will in the future occur at diminished levels.
Q:Weaken
prephrase: export will increase because of something that associated with the new pollution control equipment

3.42''
premise: a new process to paint plane needs 2 coating instead of 1 primer and one coating and the thickness of coat is the same as the old coating
premise: new method increases the price of a new aircraft considerably.
Conclusion: it is a long-term economic way
Q:support
prephrase: it doesn't yield bad effects  such as the sales


4.50''
premise: unpatented new life-sustaining drugs cost fewer than the patented ones.
premise: the practice of granting patents on newly developed life-sustaining drugs were to be abolished everywhere.
Conclusion:price will drop at an affordable level and thus future access to new life-sustaining drugs can be improved
Q:Weaken
prephrase:

simonleo

还有两周考试，所以从今天起小分队就简化了， 只写精炼的分析。
1.
Time：39s
P:lobsters and other crustaceans eaten by humans are more likely to contract gill diseases when sewage contaminates the water.
recent prposal reduce the sewage.
C-P:hardly any lobsters live long enough to be harmed by those diseases.
C:the proposal is pointless.
Pre:削弱。不能说龙虾不会被harm这个proposal就无用，龙虾要被食用，它还不会被harm但是被人吃人也许会被harm，那么结论就是错的。
(A) Contaminants in the harbor other than sewage
are equally harmful to lobsters. 无关
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longer in
the open ocean than in industrial harbors.无关
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewage contaminated
water as in unpolluted water.无关 不需要考虑其易养不易养
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining
the surface of the lobster.不能削弱，你说从表面查不出，但是前提已经说了lobster是不会被harm到的
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating
lobsters with gill diseases. 正解，可以削弱

2.46s A 错 A无关，说unification前每个车容纳的人比之后还多，那应该更不能解释才对。
3.40s A
4.56s B

采药去

CDABD

总是错第一题啊

newsoulxc

fox0923 发表于 2011-11-30 05:17
来做题了~虽然今天下午很不在状态~~精练----------44s------------weakenP: The lobster and C. human eat  ...

Mark一下！               

spencerchan

1’34’’
B: Proposal: local sewage would be rerouted mane kilometer offshore
P: Any lobsters would not live enough to be harmed by those diseases
C: The proposal is pointless
Prep: Lobsters would bring the pollution away?
A: Irrelevant
B: Irrelevant
C: CORRECT
D: Irrelevant
E: Irrelevant

32’’
P: People buy cars => increase 40%; total distance travel by cars => increase 40%
C: People be killed by traffic accidents => increase 300%
Prep: Bad-skilled drivers increase
A: Weaken
B: Irrelevant
C: Irrelevant
D: CORRECT
E: irrelevant

33’’
P: Environment regulation made industry cost increase
C: The annual exports in the future would decrease
Prep: Other conditions benefit exports: eg. currency devaluation
A: CORRECT?
B: Irrelevant
C: Irrelevant
D: Strengthen
E: Strengthen

41’’
P: New airplanes’ price increase due to the application of the new paint process
C: Airline’s long term economic interest to purchase new plane(using new process)
Prep: The answer would provide benefits of the new paint process
A: Irrelevant
B: CORRECT
C: Weaken
D: No correlation with economic interest
E: Irrelevant/ Weaken

34’’
P: Patent let X drug’s price increase
C: More people could access the drug if patent would be abandoned
Prep: Patent could increase access? => People prefer patent drug?
A: Irrelevant
B: Irrelevant
C: Irrelevant
D: CORRECT
E: Irrelevant

千晤meli

精炼： the proposal is pointless ...是结论，也是真正需要攻击的点。因此E说明，这个proposal是有意义的，因为减少了人患病的可能。虽然礼节了...还是觉得LSAT的题有点偏...

今天看题不仔细，错了好多。
逻辑4的答案B。(B) A layer of primer on an airliner weighs more than a layer of the new coating would by an amount large enough to make a difference to that airliner's load-bearing capacity.
是说过去的保护层比新的中太多以主语影响了load capacity。

MIA926

20150903CR小分队
【精练】
6. Lobsters and other crustaceans eaten by humans are more likely to contract gill diseases when sewage contaminates their water. Under a recent proposal, millions of gallons of local sewage each day would be rerouted many kilometers offshore. Although this would substantially reduce the amount of sewage in the harbor where lobsters are caught, the proposal is pointless, because hardly any lobsters live long enough to be harmed by those diseases.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) Contaminants in the harbor other than sewage
are equally harmful to lobsters. 无关
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longer in
the open ocean than in industrial harbors. 正确 gill disease导致死得早
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewage contaminated
water as in unpolluted water.无关
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining
the surface of the lobster.无关
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating
lobsters with gill diseases.无关

【逻辑链】

41. (32917-!-item-!-188;#058&006462)
In the two years following the unification of Germany in 1989, the number of cars owned by residents of East Germany and the total distance traveled by cars in East Germany both increased by about 40 percent.  In those two years, however, the number of East German residents killed each year as car occupants in traffic accidents increased by about 300 percent.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the disproportionate increase in traffic fatalities?
(A) The average number of passengers per car was higher in the years before unification than it was in the two years after. 削弱
(B) After unification, many people who had been living in East Germany relocated to West Germany. 无关
(C) After unification, a smaller proportion of the cars being purchased by East German residents were used vehicles. 无关
(D) Drivers who had driven little or not at all before 1989 accounted for much of the increase in the total distance traveled by cars. 正确
(E) Over the same two-year period in East Germany, other road users, such as motorcyclists, bicyclists, and pedestrians, experienced only small increases in traffic fatalities. 无关



42. (33427-!-item-!-188;#058&006865)
Editorial:Regulations recently imposed by the government of Risemia call for unprecedented reductions in the amounts of pollutants manufacturers are allowed to discharge into the environment.  It will take costly new pollution control equipment requiring expensive maintenance to comply with these regulations.  Resultant price increases for Risemian manufactured goods will lead to the loss of some export markets.  Clearly, therefore, annual exports of Risemian manufactured goods will in the future occur at diminished levels.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument in the editorial?
(A) The need to comply with the new regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge. 正确
(B) The proposed regulations include a schedule of fines for noncompliance that escalate steeply in cases of repeated noncompliance. 加强
(C) Savings from utilizing the chemicals captured by the pollution control equipment will remain far below the cost of maintaining the equipment. 加强
(D) By international standards, the levels of pollutants currently emitted by some of Risemia's manufacturing plants are not considered excessive. 加强
(E) The stockholders of most of Risemia's manufacturing corporations exert substantial pressure on the corporations to comply with environmental laws.  无关


43. (33475-!-item-!-188;#058&006874)
Paint on a new airliner is usually applied in two stages:  first, a coat of primer, and then a top coat.  A new process requires no primer, but instead uses two layers of the same newly developed coating, with each layer of the new coating having the same thickness and weight as a traditional top coat.  Using the new process instead of the old process increases the price of a new aircraft considerably.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly indicates that it is in an airline's long-term economic interest to purchase new airliners painted using the new process rather than the old process?
(A) Although most new airliners are still painted using the old process, aircraft manufacturers now offer a purchaser of any new airliner the option of having it painted using the new process instead. 无关
(B) A layer of primer on an airliner weighs more than a layer of the new coating would by an amount large enough to make a difference to that airliner's load-bearing capacity.  正确
(C) A single layer of the new coating provides the aluminum skin of the airliner with less protection against corrosion than does a layer of primer of the usual thickness. 削弱
(D) Unlike the old process, the new process was originally invented for use on spacecraft, which are subject to extremes of temperature to which airliners are never exposed. 无关
(E) Because the new coating has a viscosity similar to that of a traditional top coat, aircraft manufacturers can apply it using the same equipment as is used for a traditional top coat. 无关




44. (33799-!-item-!-188;#058&007092)
In countries in which new life-sustaining drugs cannot be patented, such drugs are sold at widely affordable prices; those same drugs, where patented, command premium prices because the patents shield patent-holding manufacturers from competitors.  These facts show that future access to new life-sustaining drugs can be improved if the practice of granting patents on newly developed life-sustaining drugs were to be abolished everywhere.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
(A) In countries in which life-sustaining drugs cannot be patented, their manufacture is nevertheless a profitable enterprise. 加强
(B) Countries that do not currently grant patents on life-sustaining drugs are, for the most part, countries with large populations. 无关
(C) In some countries specific processes for the manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs can be patented even in cases in which the drugs themselves cannot be patented. 无关
(D) Pharmaceutical companies can afford the research that goes into the development of new drugs only if patents allow them to earn high profits. 正确
(E) Countries that grant patents on life-sustaining drugs almost always ban their importation from countries that do not grant such patents. 无关

Geranium_Bayy

【精练】

6. Lobsters andother crustaceans eaten by humans are more likely to contract gill diseaseswhen sewage contaminates their water. Under a recent proposal, millions ofgallons of local sewage each day would be rerouted many kilometers offshore.Although this would substantially reduce the amount of sewage in the harborwhere lobsters are caught, the proposal is pointless, because hardly anylobsters live long enough to be harmed by those diseases.

Which one of thefollowing, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Contaminantsin the harbor other than sewage are equally harmful to lobsters. irrelevant

(B) Lobsters,like other crustaceans, live longer in the open ocean than in industrialharbors. 第一，龙虾没说是住在open ocean 还是industrialharbors，文中只提到了harbor。所以irrelevant第二， 就算他能活的更长，但是文中并没有说他能不能活到病毒伤害到他们以后。

(C) Lobstersbreed as readily in sewage contaminated water as in unpolluted water. irrelevant

(D) Gilldiseases cannot be detected by examining the surface of the lobster.  irrelevant

(E) Humans often become ill as aresult of eating lobsters with gill diseases. 虽然龙虾活不到那些病毒来伤害它，但是人也会因此而染上病毒啊。所以proposal是worthy的

41.(32917-!-item-!-188;#058&006462)

In the two yearsfollowing the unification of Germany in 1989, the number of cars owned byresidents of East Germany and the total distance traveled by cars in EastGermany both increased by about 40 percent. In those two years, however, the number of East German residents killedeach year as car occupants in traffic accidents increased by about 300 percent.

Which of thefollowing, if true, most helps to explain the disproportionate increase intraffic fatalities?

(A) The averagenumber of passengers per car was higher in the years before unification than itwas in the two years after. The averagenumber of passengers per car is irrelevant.

(B) Afterunification, many people who had been living in East Germany relocated to WestGermany. Irrelevant

(C) After unification, a smallerproportion of the cars being purchased by East German residents were usedvehicles.

(D) Drivers who had driven little or not at all before 1989accounted for much of the increase in the total distance traveled by cars.  懂了懂了。。。。买车比率增长少是因为before1989就已经买了只是没用的是因为

(E) Over thesame two-year period in East Germany, other road users, such as motorcyclists,bicyclists, and pedestrians, experienced only small increases in trafficfatalities. 那就解释不通了，既然大部分是车子，那为什么车子数量增长的特别少，而事故率却特别高。

1’33’’

42.(33427-!-item-!-188;#058&006865)

Editorial: Regulationsrecently imposed by the government of Risemia call for unprecedented reductionsin the amounts of pollutants manufacturers are allowed to discharge into theenvironment.  It will take costly newpollution control equipment requiring expensive maintenance to comply withthese regulations.  Resultant priceincreases for Risemian manufactured goods will lead to the loss of some exportmarkets.  Clearly, therefore, annualexports of Risemian manufactured goods will in the future occur at diminishedlevels.

Which of thefollowing, if true, most seriously weakens the argument in the editorial?

(A) The need to comply with thenew regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollutioncontrol equipment for which a strongworldwide demand is likely to emerge.

(B) The proposedregulations include a schedule of finesfor noncompliance that escalate steeply in cases of repeatednoncompliance. Irrelevant

(C) Savings fromutilizing the chemicals captured by the pollution control equipment will remainfar below the cost of maintaining the equipment. Wedon’t talk about the cost

(D) By internationalstandards, the levels of pollutants currently emitted by some of Risemia'smanufacturing plants are not considered excessive. Wetalk about the export rather than whether the pollutants are excessive or not.

(E) The stockholders of most of Risemia'smanufacturing corporations exert substantial pressure on the corporations tocomply with environmental laws. Irrelevant

43.(33475-!-item-!-188;#058&006874)

Paint on a newairliner is usually applied in two stages: first, a coat of primer, and then a top coat.  A new process requires no primer, but insteaduses two layers of the same newly developed coating, with each layer of the newcoating having the same thickness and weight as a traditional top coat.  Using the new process instead of the oldprocess increases the price of a new aircraft considerably.

Which of thefollowing, if true, most strongly indicates that it is in an airline'slong-term economic interest to purchase new airliners painted using the newprocess rather than the old process?

(A) Althoughmost new airliners are still painted using the old process, aircraftmanufacturers now offer a purchaser of any new airliner the option of having itpainted using the new process instead. Irrelevant

(B) A layer of primer on anairliner weighs more than a layer of the new coating would by an amount largeenough to make a difference to that airliner's load-bearingcapacity. 讲了using new process的好处。

(C) A singlelayer of the new coating provides the aluminum skin of the airliner with lessprotection against corrosion than does a layer of primer of the usualthickness. Weaken

(D) Unlike theold process, the new process was originally invented for use on spacecraft,which are subject to extremes of temperature to which airliners are neverexposed. We don’t tale about the spacecraft.

(E) Because thenew coating has a viscosity similar to that of a traditional top coat, aircraftmanufacturers can apply it using the same equipment as is used for atraditional top coat. Irrelevant

44.(33799-!-item-!-188;#058&007092)

In countries inwhich new life-sustaining drugs cannot be patented, such drugs are sold atwidely affordable prices; those same drugs, where patented, command premiumprices because the patents shield patent-holding manufacturers fromcompetitors.  These facts show thatfuture access to new life-sustainingdrugs can be improved if the practice of granting patents on newlydeveloped life-sustaining drugs were to be abolished everywhere.

Which of thefollowing, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

看清题目，不是公司可以得到什么好处，而是这种药可以被improved。所以只谈到公司利益的却没有谈到废除专利权以后这种药得到的好处的选项是绝对错的，虽然attractive。

(A) In countriesin which life-sustaining drugs cannot be patented, their manufacture isnevertheless a profitable enterprise. 只谈到公司profitable，并没有谈到会给这种药带来的好处。

(B) Countriesthat do not currently grant patents on life-sustaining drugs are, for the mostpart, countries with large populations. Irrelevant

(C) In somecountries specific processes for the manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs can bepatented even in cases in which the drugs themselves cannot be patented. Irrelevant

(D) Pharmaceutical companies canafford the research that goes into the development of new drugs only if patentsallow them to earn high profits. 讲到了废除专利这种药带来的好处。

(E) Countriesthat grant patents on life-sustaining drugs almost always ban their importationfrom countries that do not grant such patents. Irrelevant，wedon’t talk about the import.

fesche

P: Lobster will pass G decease to human because of sewage
recent proposal rerouted sewage
lobster can’t live too long
C: the proposal is pointless
underlie: rerouted sewage can avoid G decease

P:Car owns up t0 40%, car killed people are 300%
Explain why,
D,

P: new regulation for pollutant
new devices and maintenance is required
cost will soar
C: export will be diminished
A

P: new coating technique , same cost, same thickness,
C: using the new coating will be more expensive
B

P: no patent of such drug because of cost, drug is affordable
in future if want drug to be advance, need to abolish the plan
A(D)

宋痂岛__

adabd