问几题逻辑，GWD上的，不胜感谢

茶色的秋天

In two months, the legal minimum wage in the country of Kirlandia will increase from five Kirlandic dollars (KD5.00) per hour to KD5.50 per hour. Opponents of this increase have argued that the resulting rise in wages will drive the inflation rate up. In fact its impact on wages will probably be negligible, since only a very small proportion of all Kirfandic workers are currently receiving less than KD5.50 per hour.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. Most people in kirlandia who are currently earning the minimum wage have been employed at their current jobs for less than a year.
B. Some firms in Kirlandia have paid workers considerably less than KD5.00 per hour, in violation of kirlandic employment regulations.
C. Many businesses hire trainees at or near the minimum wage but must reward trained workers by keeping their paylevels above the pay level of trainees.
D. The greatest growth in Kirlandia’s economy in recent years has been in those sectors where workers earn wages that tend to be much higher than the minimum wage.
E The current minimum wage is insufficient for a worker holding only one job to earn enough to support a family, even when working full time at that job.
                                          Answer:
答案是B，我排除了ADE，C。。。谁能解释下B的逻辑？

茶色的秋天

Mel: The official salary for judges has always been too low to attract the best Candidates to the job. The legislature’s move to raise the salary has done nothing to improve the situation, because it was coupled with a ban on receiving money for lectures and teaching engagements.
Pat: No, the raise in salary really does improve the situation. Since very few judges teach or give lectures, the ban will have little or no negative effect.
Pat’s response to Mel is inadequate in that it
A.    attempts to assess how a certain change will affect potential members of a group by providing evidence about its effect on the current members.
B.    mistakenly takes the cause of a certain change to be an effect of that change
C.    attempts to argue that a certain change will have a positive effect merely by pointing to the absence of negative effects
D.    simply denies Mel’s claim without putting forward any evidence in support of that denial
E.    assumes that changes that benefit the most able members of a group necessarily benefit all members of that group.
                                          Answer:
答案是A，但是我第一遍选的是B。那么在有充分时间的情况下，我选择了C。感觉C就是Pat意见的复写。

茶色的秋天

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
On the whole, scientists do their most creative work before age forty, a tendency that has been taken to show that aging carries with it a loss of creative capacity. An alternative explanation is that by age forty most scientists have worked in their field for fifteen or more years and that by then they have exhausted the opportunity for creative work in that field. Supporting this explanation is the finding that      
A.    the average age of recipients of scientific research grants is significantly greater than forty.
B.    a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond age forty entered their field at an older age than is common.
C.    many scientists temper their own expectations of what they can achieve in their research work by their belief that their creativity will decline as they age.
D.    scientists who are older than forty tend to find more satisfaction in other activities, such as teaching and mentoring, than they do in pursuing their own research.
E.    there is a similar diminution of creativity with age in nonscientific fields, such as poetry and musical composition.
                          Answer:
先说age—creativity ,后说是因为其他原因，耗费了creativity的opportunity。然后问支持。B 说教授40岁以上很有成就的是很晚才进入这个领域的。。。那么B确实是对前一种观点的反驳，那么是对后一种观点的支持么？不懂。。。

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