【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑4-8】【Verbal分册】

balapupu

弄阅读小分队的事儿弄激动了~~差点把逻辑的事儿忘了·~嘿嘿~~



73. The cotton farms of Country Qbecame so productive that the market could not absorb all that they produced.
Consequently, cotton prices fell. The government tried to boost cotton prices by offering farmers who took
25 percent of their cotton acreage out of production direct supportpayments upto a specified maximum per
farm.
The government's program, if successful, will not be a net burden on the budget. Which of the following, if true,
is the best basis for an explanation of how this could be so?


(Al Depressed cotton prices meant operating losses for cotton farms, and the government lost revenue from
taxes on farm profits.
(8) Cotton production in several countries other than Qdeclined slightly the yearthat the support-payment
program wentinto effect in Q.
(C) The first yearthat the support-payment program was in effect, cotton acreage inQwas 5 percent below
its level in the base year for the program.
(D) The specifiedmaximumper farmmeantthat for very large cotton farms the support payments were less
per acre for those acres that were withdrawn from production than theywere for smaller farms.
(E) Farmers who wished to qualify for supportpayments could not use the cotton acreage thatwas withdrawn
from production to grow any other crop.


74. A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a
high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies wantto make
large profits while they still can, many companies charge the maximum possible price for such a
product. Butlarge profits on the new productwill give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the new
product's capabilities. Consequently, the strategyto maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge
less than the greatestpossible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?


(A) The first is a consideration raised to argue that a certain strategy is counterproductive; the second
presents that strategy.
(B) The first is a consideration raised to supportthe strategythat the argument recommends; the second
presents that strategy.
(C) The first is a consideration raised to help explain the popularity of a certain strategy; the second presents
that strategy.
(D) The first is an assumption, rejected by the argument, that has been used to justify a course of action; the
second presents that course of action.
(E) The first is a consideration that has been used to justify adopting a certain strategy; the second presents
the intended outcome of that strategy.


75. United States hospitals have traditionally relied primarily on revenues from paying patients to offset losses from
unreimbursed care. Almostall paying patients now rely ongovernmental or private health insurance to pay
hospital bills. Recently, insurers have been strictly limiting whatthey pay hospitals for the care of insured
patients to amounts at or below actual costs.
Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the information above?


(A) Although the advance of technology has made expensive medical procedures available to the wealthy,
such procedures are out of the reach of low-income patients.
(8) If hospitals do not find ways of raising additional income for unreimbursed care, they musteither deny
some of thatcare or suffer losses if they give it.
(e) Some patients have incomes too high for eligibility for governmental health insurance but are unable to
afford private insurance for hospital care.
(D) If the hospitals reduce their costs in providing care, insurance companies will maintain the current level of
reimbursement, thereby providing more funds for unreimbursed care.
(El Even though philanthropic donations have traditionally provided some support for the hospitals, such
donations are at present declining.


76. Generally scientists enter their field with the goal of doing important new research and accept astheir
colleagues those with similar motivation. Therefore, when any scientist wins renown as an expounder of science
to general audiences, most other scientists conclude that this popularizer should no longer be regarded as a
true colleague.
The explanation offered above for the lowesteem in which scientific popularizers are held by research scientists
assumes that


(A) serious scientific research is not a solitary activity, but relies on active cooperation among a group of
colleagues
(8l research scientists tend not to regard as colleagues those scientists whose renown they envy
(el a scientist can become a famous popularizer withouthaving completed any important research
(Dl research scientists believethat those who arewell known as popularizers of science are not motivated to
do important new research
(El no important research can be accessible to or accurately assessed bythose who are not themselves
scientists
AA：
原题：The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods, a processor of frozen foods.
“Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its twenty-fifth birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits.”








提供观点：
false analogy: The food industry is not analogous to the color film industry.
causal oversimplification: Other factors that may contribute t to the cost decline of the printing cost should be considered and ruled out.
gratuitous assumption: The conclusion of the argument is based on a gratuitous assumption that the company  can minimize cost and maximize profit because the company has been conducted for 25 years.


错误类比：color film processing和processing of food不相同。problems of spoilage, contamination, and timely transportation都只影响food 不影响film.
同时，忽略他因。是否是因为组织更有效率才使COST下降的？很可能是material necessary for the process下降了价钱。所以，两者更不同。
gratuitous assumption：二十五年不代表学到了很多。很可能什么都没学到，或者技术已经out of date.

balapupu

答案：

ykelly123

1. 28s 哪里做过
-too much cotton production caused the cotton price to fall.
-the government decides to make payment to farmers whoever produce less cottons per agreage.
guess why the government's acition will not post a net burden on its budget.
becuase increased price of cotton will increase the sales tax collected.
A

2. 恩。没有BOLD FACE。直接跳过等下看解释

3. 34s
premise-hospitals rely on paying patients to collect revenues.
premise-recently paying patients rely on the government or private health insurance companies to pay medical bills.
premise-the health insurance companies pay below the actual cost.
guess conclusion: no idea...
B

4. 58s 看不懂。。不计时看懂了！抓狂！
premise-generally scientists enter their field with the goal of doing important research and accept their colleague as their motivations.
premise-if one colleague wins renown popularity, general scientists don't consider she or he as a true colleague anymore.
guess assumption: no idea...
A

balapupu

1.[40s]
P：cotton more production-->price fell
    government boost the price-->encourage farmers to cut their production by give payments to them.
C:this plan will make no more burden on the government finical budget.
explain: the government can gain more tax from the high price to balance the payments.
A:A
2.[38s]
high technology product -->high price:quickly surpassed--> max the price.
more incentive for competitors to make this product-->the max profit less than the possible max profit.
A--x-->C【没理解选项。。。】
3.【25s】
P:hospital gain revenue form the payment of the patients--> patients gain money form the insurance--> insurance now limit the cost to the patients.
C: the hospital will hard to sustain .
A:B
4.【28s】
P：scientists with goal of doing new research and accept their colleagues with same goal.
    scientists win renown--> not regard as true colleague.
explain: scientists do the new research will not win the renown.
A: D

balapupu

AA:
1.there is no reason to believe that the cost will decrease just because company become more experience. there may some other reasons.
2. there are much differences between the film processing and foods company. So the principle apply to film processing will not also apply to this food company.
3.25th may not mean that their experience is long.