大全RC第九篇有两句话，NN们给看下这样理解对么？

半阙

These economies employ intentional price-fixing, usually in an overt fashion. Formal price-fixing by cartel and informal price-fixing by agreements covering the members of an industry are commonplace. Were there something peculiarly efficient about the free market and inefficient about price-fixing, the countries that have avoided the first and used the second would have suffered drastically in their economic development. There is no indication that they have.

翻译：这些经济运用蓄意的定价，通常以一种公开的形式。一个产业中通过卡特尔的正式定价和通过协议的非正式定价是平常的。如果存在一些关于自由市场特别有效和关于定价无效的事，那么这些避开第一个（即自由市场）而使用第二个（即定价）的国家将在经济发展中遭受剧烈打击。而没有事实证明他们如此。


NN们帮我看下，这样翻译有错么？它想表达态度是支持定价而反对自由市场么？就是觉得挺别扭的~~

半阙

我来吧这篇文章贴出来，刚才那个句子是彩字部分~~

Passage 9 (9/63)
Most economists in the United States seem captivated by the spell of the free market. Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market. A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter (for that matter: so far as that is concerned), established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious. Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller) as both “normal” and having a valuable economic function. In fact, price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires. Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers. That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates of free-market economic theories. But each large firm will also act with full consideration of the needs that it has in common with the other large firms competing for the same customers. Each large firm will thus avoid significant price-cutting, because price-cutting would be prejudicial to the common interest in a stable demand for products. Most economists do not see price-fixing when it occurs because they expect it to be brought about by a number of explicit agreements among large firms; it is not.

Moreover, those economists who argue that allowing the free market to operate without interference is the most efficient method of establishing prices have not considered the economies of non-socialist countries other than the United states. These economies employ intentional price-fixing, usually in an overt fashion. Formal price-fixing by cartel and informal price-fixing by agreements covering the members of an industry are commonplace. Were there something peculiarly efficient about the free market and inefficient about price-fixing, the countries that have avoided the first and used the second would have suffered drastically in their economic development. There is no indication that they have.

Socialist industry also works within a framework of controlled prices. In the early 1970’s, the Soviet Union began to give firms and industries some of the flexibility in adjusting prices that a more informal evolution has accorded the capitalist system. Economists in the United States have hailed the change as a return to the free market. But Soviet firms are no more subject to prices established by a free market over which they exercise little influence than are capitalist firms; rather, Soviet firms have been given the power to fix prices.

AaronYao

整体翻译OK，而these economies指的是上一句的non-socialist countries other than the United states，个人理解这里的the first是指前面的formal price-fixing by cartel, 而the second是指informal price-fixing by agreement，意思就是说这两种定价方法在这些个国家（除美国外的非社会主义国家）中都很普遍，如果有something使得自由市场特别高效而使得卖方定价不怎么有效，那么使用第二种低价方式的就会损失惨重，但事实证明不是这样。也许到这你可能想不通为什么，不要这么想，想通了也未必考，岂不是耽误时间？只要知道这是说明前面红线的论点就好了，一些经济学家是说自由市场不受干扰是最有效的定价方式并没有考虑到除美国外的其他非社会主义国家，这一句就是论点，那么自然就推出红色划线部分是论据，是为了说明这种自由市场不受干扰是最有效的定价方式并不同样适用于除美国外其他非社会主义国家，最后一句 There is no indication that they have  说明了这一点
一般阅读中各段首末句都是重点，一些转折词让步词都紧跟态度和论点，比如说However,even though...看到时候注意一下，提醒自己可能附近有论点，多多训练形成条件反射就OK了，像第二段开头的Moreover就表明后面是一个论点，而且是衔接第一段的论点进行进一步讨论的



Most economists in the United States seem captivated by the spell of the free market. 论点Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market. A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter (for that matter: so far as that is concerned), established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious. 这一句将自由市场与卖家定价挂钩 ，认为符合自由市场的就是好的，除了消费者定价以外的定价都是有害的，注意这里是most economists的态度，不是作者的态度 Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller)将卖家定价定义为price-fixing asboth “normal” and having avaluable economic function. In fact,出现转折，说明作者态度（一般来说in fact表转折的意思，indeed表示递进）price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires.出现论点，立刻反应后面是论据，前面说在自由市场中，任何除了消费者的定价都是有害的，这里说再所有的工业化社会中卖者定价很正常，后面应该就是举例子 Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers. That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates of free-market economic theories. But each large firm will also act with full consideration of the needs that it has in common with the other large firms competing for the same customers. Each large firm will thus avoid significant price-cutting, because price-cutting would be prejudicial to the common interest in a stable demand for products. Most economists do not see price-fixing when it occurs because they expect it to be brought about by a number of explicit agreements among large firms; it is not.
自由市场没有在所有的工业国家得到体现
Moreover, those economists who argue that allowing the free market to operate without interference is the most efficient method of establishing prices have not considered the economies of non-socialist countries other than the United states.These economies employ intentional price-fixing, usually in an overt fashion. Formal price-fixing by cartel and informal price-fixing by agreements covering the members of an industry are commonplace. Were there something peculiarly efficient about the free market and inefficient about price-fixing, the countries that have avoided the first and used the second would have suffered drastically in their economic development. There is no indication that they have.
说明自由市场没有在除美国外的其他非社会主义国家得到体现
Socialist industry also works within a framework of controlled prices.出现论点，后面出现明显时间，论据In the early 1970’s, the Soviet Union began to give firms and industries some of the flexibility in adjusting prices that a more informal evolution has accorded the capitalist system. Economists in the United States have hailed the change as a return to the free market. But Soviet firms are no more subject to prices established by a free market over which they exercise little influence than are capitalist firms（no more...than...和。。。一样不。。。出现对比，说明社会主义公司和资本主义公司同样不受制于自由市场定价）; rather, Soviet firms have been given the power to fix prices.
自由市场也没有在社会主义国家得到体现，所整篇都是在驳斥most economists的观点，文章框架结构很明显

每篇阅读做完后尽可能的像这样分析一下，对阅读水平提高有好处，当然我分析的并不够细，你可以分析的更深入，弄懂为止。但注意一点，这只是平时练习时要做的事，考试时千万别太深入，也不要去想为什么是这样或者那样啊，大致框架弄懂就可，这样只是帮助你分析和提高，到最后考试时就要抛开这一切了，否则太耽误时间

半阙

你分析的好详细啊，我通常一篇看下来理解都太到位，归根结底，还是英语水平不够，长难句通常要看个两三遍才OK，对作者的每个论点不是很能理清~~杨鹏长难句是个好东西，之前看了，没坚持下去，决定最后一个月每天抽半小时看，果然是贵在坚持啊~~~

半阙

谢谢，谢谢，谢谢.......宇宙超级霹雳无敌的谢谢~~~~