菜鸟求救！！狒狒中的2道题，求大神指点

lmylove

94.When 100 people who have not used cocaine are tested for cocaine use, on average only 5 will test positive. By contrast, of every 100 people who have used cocaine 99 will test positive. Thus, when a randomly chosen group of people is tested for cocaine use, the vast people is tested for cocaine use, the vast majority of those who test positive will be people who have used cocaine.
A reasoning error in the argument is that the argument
(A) attempts to infer a value judgement from purely factual premises
(B) attributes to every member of the population the properties of the average member of the population
(C) fails to take into account what proportion of the population have used cocaine
(D) ignores the fact that some cocaine users do not test positive
(E) advocates testing people for cocaine use when there is no reason to suspect that they have used cocaine
题干没看懂，解析没看懂。这题答案选什么啊。。。看了半天答案也没有看懂，感觉答案的意思是选C。

96.Prominent business executives often play active roles in United States
presidential campaigns as fundraisers or backroom strategists, but few actually seek to become president themselves. Throughout history the great majority of those who have sought to become president have been lawyers, military leaders, or full-time politicians. This is understandable, for the personality and skills that make for success in business do not make for success in politics. Business is largely hierarchical, whereas politics is coordinative. As a result, business executives tend to be uncomfortable with compromises and power-sharing, which are inherent in politics. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weaken the proposed explanation of why business executives do not run for president?
(A) Many of the most active presidential fundraisers and backroom strategists are themselves politicians.
(B) Military leaders are generally no more comfortable with compromises and power-sharing than are business executives.
(C) Some of the skills needed to become a successful lawyer are different from some of those needed to become a successful military leader.
(D) Some former presidents have engaged in business ventures after leaving office.
(E) Some hierarchically structured companies have been major financial supporters of candidates for president.

这题答案选B，但是我觉得B中说Military leaders我觉得和原文中的lawyers, military leaders, or full-time politicians范围不同啊，我选的是A。原文结论是搞经济的搞不了政治因为他们不懂得折衷，政治需要折衷什么的，A说搞经济的很多也是政治家，不是对原文的削弱吗？还是说其实这是无关选项？

求救啊！！！在线等！！！


Prominent business executives often play active roles in United States
presidential campaigns as fundraisers or backroom strategists, but few actually seek to become president themselves. Throughout history the great majority of those who have sought to become president have been lawyers, military leaders, or full-time politicians. This is understandable, for the personality and skills that make for success in business do not make for success in politics. Business is largely hierarchical, whereas politics is coordinative. As a result, business executives tend to be uncomfortable with compromises and power-sharing, which are inherent in politics. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weaken the proposed explanation of why business executives do not run for president?
(A) Many of the most active presidential fundraisers and backroom strategists are themselves politicians.
(B) Military leaders are generally no more comfortable with compromises and power-sharing than are business executives.
(C) Some of the skills needed to become a successful lawyer are different from some of those needed to become a successful military leader.
(D) Some former presidents have engaged in business ventures after leaving office.
(E) Some hierarchically structured companies have been major financial supporters of candidates for president.

这题答案选B，但是我觉得B中说Military leaders我觉得和原文中的lawyers, military leaders, or full-time politicians范围不同啊，我选的是A。原文结论是搞经济的搞不了政治因为他们不懂得折衷，政治需要折衷什么的，A说搞经济的很多也是政治家，不是对原文的削弱吗？还是说其实这是无关选项？

求救啊！！！在线等！！！

huangqidong

具体而言，例如在一个100个人的群体中，其中一些是吸食可卡因的，一些是不吸食可卡因的人。那么那些测试出阳性的人中是不是绝大多数是吸食可卡因，这与100个人中的吸食可卡因基数有关。具体一点。如果100个人中有99个人是不吸食可卡因的，而只有一个人是吸食可卡因的。结果检查出5个人是阳性，那么这个5个人都是吸食可卡因的吗？当然不是，因为5个人中只有1个是吸食可卡因的。