向各位求助一道题啊。。。想了好久了。。。

bobchowz

Goronian lawmaker:Goronia’s Cheese Importation Board, the agency responsible for inspecting all wholesale shipments of cheese entering Goronia from abroad and rejecting shipments that fail to meet specified standards, rejects about one percent of the cheese that it inspects.Since the health consequences and associated costs of not rejecting that one percent would be negligible, whereas the cost of maintaining the agency is not, the agency’s cost clearly outweighs the benefits it provides.

Knowing the answer to which of the following would be most useful in evaluating the lawmaker’s argument?

A.Are any of the types of cheeses that are imported into Goronia also produced in Goronia?

B.Has the Cheese Importation Board, over the last several years, reduced its operating costs by eliminating inefficiencies within the agency itself?

C.Does the possibility of having merchandise rejected by the Cheese Importation Board deter many cheese exporters from shipping substandard cheese to Goronia?

D.Are there any exporters of cheese to Goronia whose merchandise is never rejected by the Cheese Importation Board?

E.How is the cheese rejected by the Cheese Importation Board disposed of?

sdcar2010

C) is the answer.

The above question is similiar to the following one, whose correct answer should be D.

OG12 逻辑37

Thyrian lawmaker:Thyria's Cheese Importation Board inspects all cheese shipments to Thyria and rejects
shipments not meeting specified standards. Yet only 1 percent is ever rejected. Therefore, since the health
consequences and associated economic costs of not rejecting that 1 percent are negligible, whereas the
board's operating costs are considerable, for economic reasons alone the board should be disbanded.

Consultant: I disagree. The threat of having their shipments rejected deters many cheese exporters from
shipping substandard product.

The consultant responds to the lawmaker's argument by?

(A) rejecting the lawmaker's argument while proposing that the standards according to which the board
inspectsi mported cheese should be raised

(B) providing evidence that the lawmaker's argument has significantly overestimated the cost of maintaining
the board

(C) objecting to the lawmaker's introducing into the discussion factors that are not strictly economic

(D) pointing out a benefit of maintaining the board, which thel awmaker's argument has failed to consider

(E) shifting the discussion from the argument at hand to an attack on the integrity of the cheese inspectors

Answer D is correct.

The logic behind the argument is that - although the board only rejects 1% of total shipment, it forces the manufactures to make sure the other 99% are above the standard. If you do not have the board, all the manufacture can cheat and produce below standard cheese, which would cost a much larger economic loss than maintaining the board.

In an analogy, we need the presence of police to make sure the citizens behave nicely.  Without the police, everyone can be tempted to become a thief in daylight.  Thus, paying the police is a logical conclusion and an economically sound one.

bobchowz

soga~ thx