我觉得可以这么理解: 原文里具体到第里line25-29并没有提关于how far the theodolite is away from the summit 的信息~ 只看到了 light travel throught many layers我们便会下意识地觉得这个距离有关(可原文只讲跟pressure和temperature有关,选项里只有D提到了这两个因素,所以选D)
I do not think how D can be right. You guys are trying to make explanation based on the key, not the paragraph.
1. Refraction is a problem when light passes through DIFFERENT air layers with different Temp and Himidity. D never mentioned "Different". If all layers have the same LOW Temp and LOW humidity, refraction is not a problem.
2. The farther away the distance, the more likely refraction is a problem, because the more likely the light passes through layers with DIFFERENT property.
3. In addition, the solution to the diffraction, is to move the distance closer.