SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（四）Role (Boldface)

200814005

sdcar真是细心啊！每次大家问题sdcar都要把问题重新贴出来省的大家去翻前面的原题！
辛苦！受益颇多！多谢！！！

caoqin1981

有后十道题的详细解答吗？谢谢

messia

4) Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development. They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it. That plan is illconceived: if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders. On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable. But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires. And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.

In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?

A. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.
B. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.
C. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion.
D. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.
E. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.


我想问下E错哪了呢？谢谢~

sdcar2010

LS, E) is totally wrong in that it does not make any sense.

Main conclusion:
That plan by the environmental organization is ill-conceived; and a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.

That said, the first BF is the first sentence of the passage. It ONLY states the goal of the Environmental Organization, not that of the author. We do not know for sure if the author endorses that goal since the author simply analyze the feasibility of the plan reaching the goal. So in that sense, the author is neutral toward the goal.

As to the second BF, it is one of the scenarios the author presents as problems for the evnvironmental organization's plan. It is not a situation that has to be changed in the near future.

gelukkig

6) The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact thatunless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.

The claim that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?

(A) It is the conclusion of the argument.
(B) It helps to support the conclusion of the argument. (B)
(C) It is a claim that must be refuted if the conclusion is to be established.
(D) It is a consequence of the argument.
(E) It is used to illustrate the general principle that the argument presupposes

没有看懂啊， SHOULD BE这个语气， 更像是作者的一个判断, 为什么算PREMISE？

sdcar2010

"This is clear from the fact that . . ." leads the premises of 1) it will be impossible ...; and 2) it should be obvious ...; unless ....

namelessboy

非常佩服sdcar的耐心和扎实的功底，看完此帖受益匪浅。非常感谢。

lq0

The more I read this question and its answer choices, the more I think this is a badly-written question. Both A and B might be the answer. An inference should be Must-be-true. But the last sentence is clearly not Must-be-true.

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NN可不可以解释一下“An inference should be Must-be-true.”，不是conclusion才是这样嚒？

lq0

可以解释一下inference与conclusion 的区别嚒？
这里的最后一个boldface应该是conclusion ，lz之前不是说An inference should be Must-be-true.

不太懂~~求指教~

放肆的小狂可

下面添加的十道题能不能解释一下呢？很多疑问。BF题一直做不好，看了LZ的解释有了清晰的概念，但是做题还是存在问题。谢谢！