【逻辑大全，几道题，求讨论】系列之一

慢半拍的靴子

TEST 16    
2.    The reason much refrigerated food spoils is that it ends up out of sight at the back of the shelf. So why not have round shelves that rotate? Because such rotating shelves would have just the same sort of drawback, since things would fall off the shelves’ edges into the rear corners.
Which of the following is presupposed in the argument against introducing rotating shelves?
   (A) Refrigerators would not be made so that their interior space is cylindrical.
   (B) Refrigerators would not be made to have a window in front for easy viewing of their contents without opening the door.
   (C) The problem of spoilage of refrigerated food is not amenable to any solution based on design changes.
   (D) Refrigerators are so well designed that there are bound to be drawbacks to any design change.（A）
   (E) Rotating shelves would be designed to rotate only while the refrigerator door was open.
选A

   13.    A severe drought can actually lessen the total amount of government aid that United States farmers receive as a group. The government pays farmers the amount, if any, by which the market price at which crops are actually sold falls short of a preset target price per bushel for the crops. The drought of 1983, for example, caused farm-program payments to drop by $10 billion.
Given the information above, which of the following, if true, best explains why the drought of 1983 resulted in a reduction in farm-program payments?
   (A) Prior to the drought of 1983, the government raised the target price for crops in order to aid farmers in reducing their debt loads.
   (B) Due to the drought of 1983, United States farmers exported less food in 1983 than in the preceding year.
   (C) Due to the drought of 1983, United States farmers had smaller harvests and thus received a higher market price for the 1983 crop than for the larger crop of the preceding year.
   (D) Due to the drought of 1983, United States farmers planned to plant smaller crops in 1984 than they had in 1983.（C）
   (E) Despite the drought of 1983, retail prices for food did not increase significantly between 1982 and 1983.
答案选C。为什么不选A？政府补贴的就是市场交易价与target price之间的差距，题中的意思显然是由于大旱粮食价格将会上涨，而A直接挑明政府将提升target price，那么就减小了两个价格之间的差距，这不就解释了reduction in the farm-program payments了么？或者是我理解错题意了？

TEST 17
   6.    Between 1975 and 1985, nursing-home occupancy rates averaged 87 percent of capacity, while admission rates remained constant, at an average of 95 admissions per 1,000 beds per year. Between 1985 and 1988, however, occupancy rates rose to an average of 92 percent of capacity, while admission rates declined to 81 per 1,000 beds per year.
If the statements above are true, which of the following conclusions can be most properly drawn?
   (A) The average length of time nursing-home residents stayed in nursing homes increased between 1985 and 1988.
   (B) The proportion of older people living in nursing homes was greater in 1988 than in 1975.
   (C) Nursing home admission rates tend to decline whenever occupancy rates rise.
   (D) Nursing homes built prior to 1985 generally had fewer beds than did nursing homes built between 1985 and 1988.（A）
   (E) The more beds a nursing home has, the higher its occupancy rate is likely to be.
答案选A。不解题意，不明白这个nursing-home occupancy rates和admission rates想表达什么。

TEST 18
   6.    Which of the following best completes the passage below?
“Government” does not exist as an independent entity defining policy. Instead there exists a group of democratically elected pragmatists sensitive to the electorate, who establish policies that will result in their own reelection. Therefore, if public policy is hostile to, say, environmental concerns, it is not because of governmental perversity but because elected officials believe that______
   (A) environmentalists would be extremely difficult to satisfy with any policy, however environmentally sound
   (B) environmental concerns are being accommodated as well as public funds permit
   (C) the public is overly anxious about environmental deterioration
   (D) the majority of voters vote for certain politicians because of those politicians’ idiosyncratic positions on policy issues（E）
   (E) the majority of voters do not strongly wish for a different policy
答案选E。我理解的题意是，“执政派会实施那些能让他们连任的公共政策；当谈到环保话题时，如果公共政策是反对环保的，那么是因为____。”
我的想法是，____的内容肯定是说环境话题不符合公众的胃口。但是答案E项说的是选举人不想要政策变化。不明白“different”是从哪里冒出来的？

   12.    Holiday receipts—the total sales recorded in the fourth quarter of the year—determine the economic success or failure of many retail businesses. Camco, a retailer selling just one camera model, is an excellent example. Camco’s holiday receipts, on average, account for a third of its yearly total receipts and about half of its yearly profits.
If the statements above are true, which of the following must also be true about Camco on the basis of them?
   (A) Its fixed expenses per camera sold are higher during the fourth quarter than for any of the other three quarters.
   (B) It makes more profit during the first and third quarters combined than during the fourth quarter.
   (C) Its per-camera retail price is lower, on average, during the fourth quarter than during any one of the first three quarters.
   (D) It makes less profit, on average, for a given dollar amount of sales during the first three quarters combined than during the fourth quarter.（D）
   (E) The per-camera price it pays to wholesalers is higher, on average, during the fourth quarter than during any of the other three quarters.
选D。这道题我做对了，但是对自己的思路不太确定。我是这样想的：假设holiday receipt为x，那么yearly total receipt即为3x，那么前三季（the first three quarters）平均为3x/4，当然要比第四季（the forth quarter）的x少了。对吗？

TEST 19
   6.    Damaged nerves in the spinal cord do not regenerate themselves naturally, nor even under the spur of nerve-growth stimulants. The reason, recently discovered, is the presence of nerve-growth inhibitors in the spinal cord. Antibodies that deactivate those inhibitors have now been developed. Clearly, then, nerve repair will be a standard medical procedure in the foreseeable future.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the accuracy of the prediction above?
   (A) Prevention of the regeneration of damaged nerves is merely a by-product of the main function in the human body of the substances inhibiting nerve growth.
   (B) Certain nerve-growth stimulants have similar chemical structures to those of the antibodies against nerve-growth inhibitors.
   (C) Nerves in the brain are similar to nerves in the spinal cord in their inability to regenerate themselves naturally.
   (D) Researchers have been able to stimulate the growth of nerves not located in the spinal cord by using only nerve-growth stimulants.（A）
   (E) Deactivating the substances inhibiting nerve growth for an extended period would require a steady supply of antibodies.
答案选A。我想问一下，这道题的攻击点在哪里呢？

慢半拍的靴子

UP UP UP
睡觉去了，明天再来

慢半拍的靴子

再来顶自己一个，逻辑要给力！