prep 阅读Essay #7. 146 (22165-!-item-!-188;#058&00146-00)问题一枚，求解答！！

ike982003

Essay #7.  146 (22165-!-item-!-188;#058&00146-00)

The United States government has a long-standing policy of using federal funds to keep small business viable.  The Small Business Act of 1953 authorized the Small Business Administration (SBA) to enter into contracts with government agencies having procurement powers and to arrange for fulfillment of these contracts by awarding subcontracts to small businesses.  In the mid-1960's, during the war on poverty years, Congress hoped to encourage minority entrepreneurs by directing such funding to minority businesses.  At first this funding was directed toward minority entrepreneurs with very low incomes.  A 1967 amendment to the Economic Opportunity Act directed the SBA to pay special attention to minority-owned businesses located in urban or rural areas characterized by high proportions of unemployed or low-income individuals.  Since then, the answer given to the fundamental question of who the recipients should be--the most economically disadvantaged or those with the best prospects for business success--has changed, and the social goals of the programs have shifted, resulting in policy changes.
The first shift occurred during the early 1970's.  While the goal of assisting the economically disadvantaged entrepreneur remained, a new goal emerged:  to remedy the effects of past discrimination.  In fact, in 1970 the SBA explicitly stated that their main goal was to increase the number of minority-owned businesses.  At the time, minorities constituted seventeen percent of the nation's population, but only four percent of the nation's self-employed.  This ownership gap was held to be the result of past discrimination.  Increasing the number of minority-owned firms was seen as a way to remedy this problem.  In that context, providing funding to minority entrepreneurs in middle- and high-income brackets seemed justified.
In the late 1970's, the goals of minority-business funding programs shifted again.  At the Minority Business Development Agency, for example, the goal of increasing numbers of minority-owned firms was supplanted by the goal of creating and assisting more minority-owned substantive firms with future growth potential.  Assisting manufacturers or wholesalers became far more important than assisting small service businesses.  Minority-business funding programs were now justified as instruments for economic development, particularly for creating jobs in minority communities of high unemployment.

Question #23.  146-06 (22303-!-item-!-188;#058&000146-06)
According to the passage, in 1970 funding to minority entrepreneurs focused primarily on which of the following?
(A) Alleviating chronic unemployment in urban areas
(B) Narrowing the ownership gap
(C) Assisting minority-owned businesses with growth potential
(D) Awarding subcontracts to businesses that encouraged community development
(E) Targeting the most economically disadvantaged minority-owned businesses

这题答案是B，我选的是E
根据the answer given to the fundamental question of who the recipients should be--the most economically disadvantaged or those with the best prospects for business success--has changed, and the social goals of the programs have shifted, resulting in policy changes.，当然这个是说1967的法案，但是在下一段中又说While the goal of assisting the economically disadvantaged entrepreneur remained，这个指在1970年代前期，1967年的法案的目的还持续，所以在1970年主要focus在most economically disadvantaged minority-owned businesses，答案为E；而文章中说的narrowing the ownship gap对应文章中的The first shift occurred during the early 1970's，说明这个变化是在1970年后发生的，所以不是正确答案。
谁能评价一下我的思路。。。

橘子树的冬天

顶。。。

wangjieava23

地方找对了。但是 楼主没有特别注意到While the goal of assisting the economically disadvantaged entrepreneur remained 中的while, 就是说虽也重视，但是这也不重要了，后面的还是重要的。

to remedy the effects of past discrimination.  答案B正是对这个内容的改写。

从全文的结果上讲，从67年开始，SBA的资助目标就发生了转变，变得更关注那些能获得商业成功的公司。之后就是在解释由目标而带来的政策转变。 这道题就是针对其中的一个转变。

Enferilav

有米有童鞋能解释一下C选项说的是什么意思啊？？？

winterrays

有米有童鞋能解释一下C选项说的是什么意思啊？？？

-- by 会员 Enferilav (2011/5/19 23:25:55)

资助那些有成长潜力的少数民族企业