求帮助啊，两道GWD的题

beiaidexin

Newspaper editorial:

In an attempt to reduce the crime rate, the governor is getting tough on criminals and making prison conditions harsher.Part of this effort has been to deny inmates the access they formerly had to college-level courses.However, this action is clearly counter to the governor’s ultimate goal, since after being released form prison, inmates who had taken such courses committed far fewer crimes overall than other inmates.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A.Not being able to take college-level courses while in prison is unlikely to deter anyone from a crime that he or she might otherwise have committed.

B.Former inmates are no more likely to commit crimes than are members of the general population.

C.The group of inmates who chose to take college-level courses were not already less likely than other inmates to commit crimes after being released.

D.Taking high school level courses in prison has less effect on an inmate’s subsequent behavior than taking college-level courses does.

E.The governor’s ultimate goal actually is to gain popularity by convincing people that something effective is being done about crime.
答案选C，


疑问A为啥不行啊，A 是不是说学了这些可程就能震慑住这些罪犯啊？？

GWD7-Q17:

Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery—a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited from the surgery.Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?



A.Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.

B.Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.

C.Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.

D.The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.

E.The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.

这题答案选的E，疑问为什么B不行啊，我觉的B更是削弱啊，尽管人们受益的不多，但是这个受益大啊，

lnl555

对第一题，答案A是不是你想的那样的
设“上课”为A ，“阻止犯罪”为B
选项A：非A不可推B   （不能得出A推B）

对第二题：
题干的逻辑是 所有这样手术的病人中，3/4的人受益，1/4的人没有受益，因此医生建议这1/4的人做手术的目的，是为了医生自己的利益。
B说：这样手术的后果可能有很多好处。  这是无关选项，因为不管好处再多，没有削弱原文的argument
E说：对受益或没受益的病人，他们受到的治疗都是一样的。 这样就否定了医生的因素，从而削弱了结论。

beiaidexin

对第一题，答案A是不是你想的那样的
设“上课”为A ，“阻止犯罪”为B
选项A：非A不可推B   （不能得出A推B）

对第二题：
题干的逻辑是 所有这样手术的病人中，3/4的人受益，1/4的人没有受益，因此医生建议这1/4的人做手术的目的，是为了医生自己的利益。
B说：这样手术的后果可能有很多好处。  这是无关选项，因为不管好处再多，没有削弱原文的argument
E说：对受益或没受益的病人，他们受到的治疗都是一样的。 这样就否定了医生的因素，从而削弱了结论。

-- by 会员 lnl555 (2011/4/29 23:34:24)

万分感谢啊，不过还是有点疑问第一道题那个C中not already less likely than 怎么理解啊

happyself

对第一题，答案A是不是你想的那样的
设“上课”为A ，“阻止犯罪”为B
选项A：非A不可推B   （不能得出A推B）

对第二题：
题干的逻辑是 所有这样手术的病人中，3/4的人受益，1/4的人没有受益，因此医生建议这1/4的人做手术的目的，是为了医生自己的利益。
B说：这样手术的后果可能有很多好处。  这是无关选项，因为不管好处再多，没有削弱原文的argument
E说：对受益或没受益的病人，他们受到的治疗都是一样的。 这样就否定了医生的因素，从而削弱了结论。

-- by 会员 lnl555 (2011/4/29 23:34:24)

万分感谢啊，不过还是有点疑问第一道题那个C中not already less likely than 怎么理解啊

-- by 会员 beiaidexin (2011/4/30 23:13:45)

意思是在这之前并没有更守法的倾向。意思就是说认为course是唯一的影响因素。罪犯这些样本都是同质的，不存在抽样差别的意思