GWD-TN-3 Q23 求解！

xiaoxiaomi

GWD5-Q22 to Q25:



Most pre-1990 literature on businesses’ use of information technology(IT)—defined as any form of computer-based information system—focused on spectacular IT successes and reflected a general optimism concerning IT’s potential as a resource for creating competitive advantage.  But toward the end of the 1980’s, some economists spoke of a “productivity paradox”:  despite huge IT investments, most notably in the service sectors, productivity stagnated.  In the retail industry, for example, in which IT had been widely adopted during the 1980’s, productivity (average output per hour) rose at an average annual rate of 1.1 percent between 1973 and 1989, compared with 2.4 percent in the preceding 25-year period.  roponents of IT argued that it takes both time and a critical mass of investment for IT to yield benefits, and some suggested that growth figures for the 1990’s proved these benefits were finally being realized.  They also argued that measures of productivity ignore what would have happened without investments in IT—productivity gains might have been even lower.  There were even claims that IT had improved the performance of the service sector significantly, although macroeconomic measures of productivity did not reflect the improvement.

But some observers questioned why, if IT had conferred economic value, it did not produce direct competitive advantages for individual firms.  Resource-based theory offers an answer, asserting that, in general, firms gain competitive advantages by accumulating resources that are economically valuable, relatively scarce, and not easily replicated.  According to a recent study of retail firms, which confirmed that IT has become pervasive and relatively easy to acquire, IT by itself appeared to have conferred little advantage.  In fact, though little evidence of any direct effect was found, the frequent negative correlations between IT and performance suggested that IT had probably weakened some firms’ competitive positions.  However, firms’ human resources, in and of themselves, did explain improved performance, and some firms gained IT-related advantages by merging IT with complementary resources, particularly human resources. The findings support the notion, founded in resource-based theory, that competitive advantages do not arise from easily replicated resources, no matter how impressive or economically valuable they may be, but from complex, intangible resources.



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GWD5-Q23:

The passage suggests that proponents of resource-based theory would be likely to explain IT’s inability to produce direct competitive advantages for individual firms by pointing out that



A. IT is not a resource that is difficult to obtain

B. IT is not an economically valuable resource

C. IT is a complex, intangible resource

D. economic progress has resulted from IT only in the service sector

E. changes brought about by IT cannot be detected by macroeconomic measures

----------------------------------------------------------------------这道题B选项为什么不对？为什么为什么

glhelr

这个题目定位在这里：Resource-based theory offers an answer, asserting that, in general, firms gain competitive advantages by accumulating resources that are economically valuable, relatively scarce, and not easily replicated.  According to a recent study of retail firms, which confirmed that IT has become pervasive and relatively easy to acquire, IT by itself appeared to have conferred little advantage.  

我猜你一定先看了题目的所有选项，然后回到了原文这里。看到了competitive advantages by accumulating resources that are economically valuable,的时候发现B合适。但是你在往后看，has become pervasive and relatively easy to acquire，没有提到IT没有economically valuable。换言之，再往前看，IT是有value的，看上一句有这样一段：IT had conferred economic value。。。所以答案A应该是正确的，B是高度迷惑选项

glhelr

这种题我觉得错就错了，不要太记挂在心上哈~

xiaoxiaomi

这种题我觉得错就错了，不要太记挂在心上哈~

-- by 会员 glhelr (2011/4/16 14:31:21)

嗯嗯，看了好多解释，你说的最清楚了，不愧是斑竹~~~