gwd-7-17

elinajyx

求解~~~~
Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery—a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited from the surgery.  Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

A. Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.

B. Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.

C. Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.

D. The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.

E. The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.

sdcar2010

The argument says that the doctor gives wrong information to one-fourth of the patients because the doctors wants to earn money from these patient even though the surgery would not help them.

E says that the doctor cannot tell whether a patient will benefit from the surgery BEFORE operating on them. Thus they are not motivated by money when telling those one-fourth patients that they need a surgery. A doctor is not a fortune-teller who wants and can fool people.

D, on the other hand, mentions a complete irrelevant aspect of the precedure.  Out of scope. If the doctor wants to cheat the patients who do not need to undergo surgery, telling these patients that the surgery has certain risks does not make the doctor less wrong. They are still wrong!

elinajyx

啊，谢谢了！