越毒狗“black larbor黑人劳力”---发现考古，疑似原题，请确认~！

rebecca_wang

本月越毒狗：
1.2.13.   black larbor黑人劳力
by eileen1124   3/3/2011
阅读：有一篇讲black larbor的，说他们在二战时期的地位的改善。开始就说说二战期间黑人劳力有所改善。很多黑人从从村到了城市，进入了industry larbor force，还说什么vote，大概是有了什么vote的权利。 第二段讲了几个方面的改善，有political方面的，有工资方面的，有什么racial方面的。。。（后面有一题是except题，问下面那个方面不是文中提到的XXX导致的结果，结果都是好的结果，选项有经济方面的（应该就是工资），有racial什么的， 有法律的， 有进入workforce的，我觉得就是没有法律吧。。大家再看看，题不难。）。第三段最后说虽然二战时期他们有了改善，但是好像后来就不行了，就从什么转向了church...（对不起。。有点不记得了。。）

考古出疑似原题，请大家参考，考过的童鞋速来确认~！谢谢~

1.3.3.    美国非洲裔工人*
V1【by qizuko  650】
美国非洲裔工人相关的。这是我最后一篇，一大段多半屏。大意是说那个时候的美国应该是有法案还是什么一个AFL规定说人人平等， 但是现实中很多白人还是会有歧视和欺压。这个时候有个黑人组织的工会就出来帮大家争取权益，主要是想办法让黑人融入白人的工作群体什么的。最后成功了，这 个union的工作有积极的效果。好像有3道题，问了一个主题，还问了一个细节（白人有种族歧视的什么的），还有一个是评价应该
V2【by leetina 700】
好像是说美国黑人想组成一个union，但是一直不大成功，除了一个叉叉组织。因为大部分的白人还是歧视黑人的。文章到这里还很清楚，接着奇怪的就来了。 说啊，黑人发现和白人contract negotiation没有，于是就怎么加入白人还是什么寻求白人的支持了，虽然白人还是歧视他们。更怪的是，黑同学居然这样就成功了......... 我觉得这篇文章应该不难，关键是我的最后一篇我读不进去了
V3【by tietie123 700】
African American是大部分unskilledworkers，African American组织workers成立了“组织”，White也成立了“组织”，但是White有种族歧视，但是AA得头意识到，大部分的资源还是在 employer的手里，意思AA必须加入到White的组织里面，。。。最后是说AA取得了胜利两个方面（文章不长）
1、    问White对AA的态度：选A：White在知道AA是为workers 利益工作时，态度有所改善
2、    作者对这篇文章的看法：认为worker加入AA是 完全收益的
V4【by wonderfulwq 700】
AFI  三个题目
1：主旨，选择 黑人参加union 最终还是受益了的~~（GWD 原题，答案也一样）
2. 问白人对黑人的态度，GWDyuanti
3. 新题目
Yet it can be argued that through contracts negotiated and enforcedby White union members, unions—CIO unions not excluded—were often instrumentalin maintaining the occupational segregation and other forms of racialdiscrimination that kept African Americans socially and economically oppressedduring this period
问上面这段文章中，提到白人contracts negotiated 是为了说明什么？
不会做，乱选了个，大家仔细想想哈~ 整篇文章好好读读

考古一（狗主人说：应该就是我考的这篇，题目应该也差不多）
In the 1930’s and 1940’s, African American industrialworkers in the southern United  States, who constituted 80 percent of theunskilled factory labor force there, strongly supported unionization. While theAmerican Federation of Labor (AFL) either excluded African Americans ormaintained racially segregated unions, the Congress of Industrial Organizations(CIO) organized integrated unions nationwide on the basis of a stated policy ofequal rights for all, and African American unionists provided the CIO’sbackbone. Yet it can be argued that through contracts negotiated and enforcedby White union members, unions—CIO unions not excluded—were often instrumentalin maintaining the occupational segregation and other forms of racialdiscrimination that kept African Americans socially and economically oppressedduring this period. However, recognizing employers’ power over workers as acentral factor in African Americans’ economic marginal unionization, AfricanAmerican workers saw the need to join with White workers in seeking changedespite White unionists’ toleration of or support for racial discrimination.The persistent efforts of African American unionists eventually paid off: manybecame highly effective organizers, gaining the respect of even racist Whiteunionists by winning victories for White as well as African American workers.African American unionists thus succeeded in strengthening the unions whileusing them as instruments of African Americans’ economic empowerment.

The passage is primarily concerned with
A.   demonstrating that unions failed to addressthe concerns of African American workers during a particular period
B.   arguing that African Americanworkers’ participation in unions during a particular period was ultimatelybeneficial to them
C.   contrasting the treatment of AfricanAmerican workers by two different labor organizations during a particularperiod
D.   giving reasons for the success of AfricanAmerican unionists in winning victories for both African American and Whiteworkers during a particular period
E.    questioning one explanation for theattitudes of African American workers toward unionization during a particularperiod

According to the passage, which of the following wastrue of many racist White unionists during the period discussed in the passage?
A.   Their attitudes toward AfricanAmerican union organizers changed once they recognized that the activities ofthese organizers were serving workers’ interests.
B.   They were a powerful element in the southernlabor movement because they constituted the majority of the unskilled factorylabor force in the southern United  States.
C.   They persisted in opposing the CIO’sadoption of a stated policy of equal rights for all.
D.   Their primary goal was to strengthen thenegotiating power of the unions through increasing White union membership.
E.    Their advocacy of racial discriminationhampered unions in their efforts to gain more power for workers.

The author of the passage suggests which of thefollowing about African American workers who participated in union activitiesin the 1930’s and 1940’s?
A.   They believed that the elimination ofdiscrimination within unions was a necessary first step toward the achievementof economic advancement for African Americans.
B.   They belonged exclusively to CIO unionsbecause they were excluded from AFL unions.
C.   They believed that the economicadvancement of African American workers depended on organized efforts toempower all workers.
D.   Some of them advocated the organization ofseparate African American unions because of discriminatory practices in the AFLand the CIO.
E.    Many of them did not believe that Whiteunionists in CIO unions would tolerate or support racial discrimination againstAfrican American workers.

答案：B---A----C

知行

哇楼主 大人太强悍了 你最好再把这个帖子贴到月读狗的帖子里面去 联系一下
晕  我看了一下 这不是OG上面的滴嘛？？？

tata9055

期待考古确认！！！！！！！

rebecca_wang

我已经贴到越毒狗汇总贴了，放心~！

这是出自去年十月份的越毒狗汇总。我个人觉得应该是这篇没错，“二战期间”也和这篇的时间吻合，原文中多次提到的labor force啥的也都貌似一致，就算不是这篇大家也可以当做背景材料做做~！

加油~！

rebecca_wang

考完的同学都不能来确认一下吗？。。。哎。。。。

shania870922

应该不是的。。文中很多用的直接是black and white。而且是个3段的文章。

cynthiayao

OG12上还有一篇 麻烦狗主人确认一下 是这篇吗？
In the two decades between 1910 and 1930,
more than ten percent of the black population
of the United States left the South, where the
preponderance of the black population had been
located, and migrated to northern states, with the
largest number moving, it is claimed, between 1916
and 1918. It has been frequently assumed, but not
proved, that the majority of the migrants in
what has come to be called the Great Migration
came from rural areas and were motivated by two
concurrent factors: the collapse of the cotton
industry following the boll weevil infestation, which
began in 1898, and increased demand in the North
for labor following the cessation of European
immigration caused by the outbreak of the First
World War in 1914. This assumption has led to
the conclusion that the migrants’ subsequent lack
of economic mobility in the North is tied to rural
background, a background that implies unfamiliarity
with urban living and a lack of industrial skills.
But the question of who actually left the South
has never been rigorously investigated. Although
numerous investigations document an exodus from
rural southern areas to southern cities prior to the
Great Migration, no one has considered whether the
same migrants then moved on to northern cities.
In 1910 more than 600,000 black workers, or ten
percent of the black workforce, reported themselves
to be engaged in “manufacturing and mechanical
pursuits,”the federal census category roughly
encompassing the entire industrial sector. The Great
Migration could easily have been made up entirely
of this group and their families. It is perhaps
surprising to argue that an employed population
could be enticed to move, but an explanation lies in
the labor conditions then prevalent in the South.
About thirty-five percent of the urban black
population in the South was engaged in skilled
trades. Some were from the old artisan class of
slavery—blacksmiths,masons, carpenters—which
had had a monopoly of certain trades, but they
were gradually being pushed out by competition,
mechanization, and obsolescence. The remaining
sixty-fi ve percent, more recently urbanized, worked in
newly developed industries—tobacco, lumber, coal
and iron manufacture, and railroads. Wages in
the South, however, were low, and black workers
were aware, through labor recruiters and the black
press, that they could earn more even as unskilled
workers in the North than they could as artisans
in the South. After the boll weevil infestation,
urban black workers faced competition from the
continuing influx of both black and white rural
workers, who were driven to undercut the wages
formerly paid for industrial jobs. Thus, a move north
would be seen as advantageous to a group that was
already urbanized and steadily employed, and the
easy conclusion tying their subsequent economic
problems in the North to their rural background
comes into question.

rebecca_wang

楼上的这篇时间不对，二战期间应该是1939-1945，感谢提供~！

junyihuo

我认为不是考古的那篇。主题不一样。