[求助]大全-4-18,大全-4-20

tina_aya

18.    The average age of chief executive officers (CEO’s) in a large sample of companies is 57. The average age of CEO’s in those same companies 20 years ago was approximately eight years younger. On the basis of those data, it can be concluded that CEO’s in general tend to be older now.

Which of the following casts the most doubt on the conclusion drawn above?

(A) The dates when the CEO’s assumed their current positions have not been specified.

(B) No information is given concerning the average number of years that CEO’s remain in office.

(C) The information is based only on companies that have been operating for at least 20 years.

(D) Only approximate information is given concerning the average age of the CEO’s 20 years ago.

(E) Information concerning the exact number of companies in the sample has not been given.

答案是c,为什么d错

20. Surveys show that every year only 10 percent of cigarette smokers switch brands. Yet the manufacturers have been spending an amount equal to 10 percent of their gross receipts on cigarette promotion in magazines. It follows from these figures that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay, and that cigarette companies would have been no worse off economically if they had dropped their advertising.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion that cigarette companies could have dropped advertising without suffering economically?

(A) Cigarette advertisements provide a major proportion of total advertising revenue for numerous magazines.

(B) Cigarette promotion serves to attract first-time smokers to replace those people who have stopped smoking.

(C) There exists no research conclusively demonstrating that increases in cigarette advertising are related to increases in smoking.

(D) Advertising is so firmly established as a major business activity of cigarette manufacturers that they would be unlikely to drop it.

(E) Brand loyalty is typically not very strong among those who smoke inexpensive cigarettes.

答案是b我想问一下选项c是不是有support的意思

tina_aya

up

麻烦帮我解答,谢谢

kathy8446

20题B还是满明显的，要吸引初次消费者。

不过E选项怎么排除呢？感觉也有削弱的意思啊，对生产inexpensive cigarettes的公司来说，广告就重要啦

findjuhl

18

D说只有大概的信息关于20年前公司的平均年龄被给出

原文是的确给出了是8 years younger左右，但这个信息不足以推翻原文结论，因为无论是7、8、9年，都的确说明了现在平均年龄更加老了。

20

C说广告和销售增长的关系，原文问广告和销售下降的关系，属于无关。

E说品牌忠诚度的确不强，尤其是低价格香烟，这个就是加强结论了，即必须通过其他因素如广告，加强品牌知名度。所以不能削减广告。

kathy8446

感谢解答，不过findjuhlGG分析的也是削弱吧

most seriously weakens the conclusion that cigarette companies could have dropped advertising without suffering economically?

因为结论是可以削减广告啊