哪位大牛可以举些有相对数和绝对数的逻辑错误的例子

小妖藏尼

ETS的常见trick：“number vs. percentage” 但是我好像每次做这种题都犯晕  求NN指导

sdcar2010

Number vs.  percentage mistake occurs when an author improperly equates a percentage with a definate quantity or vice versa.  So you cannot assume correlations between numbers and percentages

Numerical terms: amount, quantity, sum, total, count, tally
Percentage terms: percent, proportion, fraction, ratio, incidence, likelihood, probability, segment, share


1) Walters: Our neighboring country had a much higher percentage increase in GNP
(Gross National Product) over the last ten years than our country did. So, their
economic prosperity increased relative to ours.

Kostamo: I disagree. The GNP of our neighbor might have increased by a greater
percentage, but the absolute amount of the increase in GNP was certainly greater
for our country.

Walters and Kostamo disagree about whether

(A) change in the economic prosperity of the neighboring country relative to
their country is accurately measured by comparing their percentage changes
in GNP
(B) change in the economic prosperity of the neighboring country is more accurately
measured in terms relative to their country than in terms relative only
to the neighboring country
(C) changes in the GNP of the neighboring country should ever be compared
to changes in the GNP of their country
(D) there were any improvements at all in the economic situation of the neighboring
country during the ten years being considered
(E) the GNP of the neighboring country increased by a greater percentage over
the last decade than did the GNP of their country


1) The best answer is A. This is a point of contention question. Kostamo states that
she disagrees and then gives the reason for her disagreement, which is that there is
a difference between a percent increase and an increase in absolute amount. In
other words, if the speaker’s country had a significantly larger GNP than its neighboring
country at the beginning of the time in question, it is plausible that the
neighboring country’s GNP could grow by a much larger percentage but still be
much smaller than the speakers’ country.