0G CR 195

zubin1988

195.



A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations a taxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individuals would no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions would have to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors.






The argument above assumes which of the following?






(A) Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, at least some wealthy individuals would not donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have.



(B) Money contributed by individuals who make their donations because of provisions in the federal tax laws provides the only source of funding for many charitable and educational institutions.



(C) The primary reason for not adopting the proposed change in the federal income tax laws cited above is to protect wealthy individuals from having to pay higher taxes.



(D) Wealthy individuals who donate money to charitable and educational institutions are the only individuals who donate money to such institutions.



(E) Income tax laws should be changed to make donations to charitable and educational institutions the only permissible deductions from taxable income.






195.



The passage argues that charitable and educational institutions, part of whose income comes from donations, would be negatively affected if wealthy individuals could not count such donations as deductions from their income. The question asks you to identify an assumption of the argument-that is, something that has to be true in order for the evidence presented to establish the conclusion.

Choice A is the best answer, since if this statement is false, all wealthy individuals would, even without the incentive provided by federal tax laws, donate as much money as they do now. In that case, the evidence used in the argument provides no support for the conclusion.

这里最后很多慈善机构因此倒闭，中间慈善机构资金来源不是一个GAP么？

sdcar2010

What do you mean by 中间慈善机构资金来源不是一个GAP么？

A is a valid answer.

zubin1988

没明白诶...谁好心再详细解释一下...

kevin0214

税法改变→捐献减少→机构倒闭

BCDE都没有涉及到中间的那一环。不管B和D怎么强调慈善机构资金来源，他们都没有说明这些来源会因为税法的改变而减少捐献，如果他们不减少捐献，根本没有什么倒闭问题。所以“慈善机构资金来源”不是一个GAP，“慈善机构的来源会因为税法改变而减少捐献”才是。
那个“中间”真是一个强大的省略……是指“在这个论证的前提和结论中间”的意思吧……

zubin1988

税法改变→捐献减少→机构倒闭

BCDE都没有涉及到中间的那一环。不管B和D怎么强调慈善机构资金来源，他们都没有说明这些来源会因为税法的改变而减少捐献，如果他们不减少捐献，根本没有什么倒闭问题。所以“慈善机构资金来源”不是一个GAP，“慈善机构的来源会因为税法改变而减少捐献”才是。
那个“中间”真是一个强大的省略……是指“在这个论证的前提和结论中间”的意思吧……

-- by 会员 kevin0214 (2010/11/16 12:23:11)

感谢！！下次我写清楚点(*^__^*)

Evac_c

取非。只有A 取非 以后 变成：Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, ALL wealthy individuals would STILL donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have.大家还是照以前一样donate 原句就不成立。 那么 这个就是必须的 assumption 答案就是A