Feifei126，一道有点让我有点迷惑的assumption题，诚心求教，谢谢！

chenxuleon

126. Thepublic is well aware that high blood cholesterol levels raise the risk ofstroke caused by blood clots, but a recent report concludes that people withlow blood cholesterol levels are at increased risk of the other lethal type ofstroke---cerebral hemorrhage(脑溢血), caused when a brain artery busts. The report suggests thatbecause blood cholesterol plays a vital role in maintaining cell membranes, lowblood cholesterol weakens artery walls, making them prone to rupture. The conclusion thus supportsa long-standing contention by Japanese researchers that Western diets betterprotect against cerebral hemorrhage than do non-Western diets.

The argument isbased on which one of the following assumption?

A.      Western diets arehealthier than non-Western diets.
B.       Western dietsresult in higher blood cholesterol levels than do non-Western diets.
C.       High bloodcholesterol levels preclude the weakening of artery walls.
D.      Cerebralhemorrhages are more dangerous than strokes caused by blood clots.
E.       People who havelow blood pressure are at increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage.


Rt，请教各位为什么C选项不可以？

引用weiyu在一个老帖子里的发言：

assumption: this argument does not focus on the issue of health. A might be a conclusion you can draw from above argument, but not an assumption;


原文：low blood C->weakens A->CH病


结论：W diet防止CH病； Gap is W diet->higher blood C;



A question is: why C is not right;


if high blood C不能排除weakening A,　不是也要导致    CH病吗？

eshopaholic

C和文章的意思确实不矛盾。但并没有指出 western diets 和脑溢血 之间的关系。

chenxuleon

但是即使知道西餐是高胆固醇的，如果C选项这个assumption不成立，那么整个argument也是有漏洞的。

LeoBX

C选项里的说 High bloodcholesterol levels 杜绝the weakening of artery walls，注意preclude这个词意思很绝对，显然是不必要的。看原文中说 lowblood cholesterol weakens artery walls，不能确定没有其他因素weakens artery walls，因此，不是说bloodcholesterol levels 高了 artery walls就不可能被weaken。bloodcholesterol levels 提高，能确定的是：artery walls不会因为bloodcholesterol levels 过低而被weaken。

实验证明lowblood cholesterol weakens artery walls，Western diets result in higher blood cholesterol levels（B） > 实验支持吃西餐对防CH病更好

gkast

原文low blood cholesterol weakens artery walls 引致stroke
C: High blood cholesterol 也导致同样问题 weakens artery walls 而引致stroke，那吃不吃西餐有甚么分别?  如果问题是weaken，那C是对的。

low blood cholesterol 引致stroke -> 叫人吃西餐来防止low blood cholesterol，那为甚么西餐可以防止low blood cholesterol? 因为higher blood cholesterol。

sdcar2010

You can look at the problem this way.  If answer (C) -- High bloodcholesterol levels preclude the weakening of artery walls -- is the assumption, would the same conclusion be reached?  Not necessarily because the conclusion is about the recent findings support the theory of - western diet pretects the brain against CH, and you have not established the link between high cholesterol content and the western diet in order to make the conclusion foolproof.

chenxuleon

谢谢ls各位的指点，thank u all! 我现在也想明白了，assumption对于这道对于充分必要的题目，还是要在脑中列出推理链，然后填补推理上的gap。这题它问的是argument推理上的assumption，不是conditon（premise）的assumption，所以C虽然没什么错（我还是这样认为的..），但还是不能选的。