阅读寂静新增1.1.14 环境与经济关系——其实就是“荷兰病”补充背景资料

cherryruj

“荷兰病”是经济学名词，上课的时候有学到过，一读jj意思就想起来了。
荷兰病就是一国由于自然资源或其他初级产品异常丰富，从而该部门繁荣，其他部门尤其是工业部门衰落的现象。
道理很简单，该资源出口多，外汇流入，该国货币升值，其他部门的出口因为价格变高而受到影响，从而衰落，企业不好当然会有失业啦。

这就是逻辑链。这种情况在发展中国家比较多见。发达国家也存在。第一次出现时荷兰。由于突然个大油田从而出口天然气，导致工业部门衰落。

大胆猜测“curse"  就是指“resource curse”  资源丰富，增长却低。

说环境和经济的关系是不准确的，应该说是资源与发展的关系。

补充点背景资料：from   mba智库
所谓“资源诅咒”是指从长期的增长状况来看，那些自然资源丰裕、经济中资源性产品占据主导地位的发展中国家反而要比那些资源贫乏国家的增长要低许多；尽管资源丰裕国家可能会由于资源品价格的上涨而实现短期的经济增长，但最终又会陷入停滞状态，丰裕的自然资源最终成为“赢者的诅咒”（winner’s curse）。
资源诅咒是一个经济学的理论，多指与矿业资源相关的经济社会问题。丰富的自然资源可能是经济发展的诅咒而不是祝福，大多数自然资源丰富的国家比那些资源稀缺的国家增长的更慢。经济学家将原因归结为贸易条件的恶化，荷兰病或人力资本的投资不足等，主要由对某种相对丰富的资源的过分依赖导致。

“荷兰病”是指一国特别是指中小国家经济的某一初级产品部门异常繁荣而导致其他部门的衰落的现象。 　　20世纪60年代，已是制成品出口主要国家的荷兰发现大量天然气，荷兰政府大力发展天然气业，出口剧增，国际收支出现顺差，经济显现繁荣景象。可是，蓬勃发展的天然气业却严重打击了荷兰的农业和其他工业部门，削弱了出口行业的国际竞争力，到20世纪70年代，荷兰遭受到通货膨胀上升、制成品出口下降、收入增长率降低、失业率增加的困扰，这种资源产业在“繁荣”时期价格膨胀是以牺牲其他行业为代价的现象，国际上称之为“荷兰病”。
from wiki
In economics, the Dutch disease is a concept that purportedly explains the apparent relationship between the increase in exploitation of natural resources and a decline in the manufacturing sector. The claimed mechanism is that an increase in revenues from natural resources (or inflows of foreign aid) will make a given nation's currency stronger compared to that of other nations (manifest in an exchange rate), resulting in the nation's other exports becoming more expensive for other countries to buy, making the manufacturing sector less competitive. However, it is extremely difficult to definitively conclude that natural resource exploitation is the primary or sole cause of decreasing revenues in the manufacturing sector, since there are often many other factors at play in the very complex global economy - for example the widespread parliamentary and democratic deficit caused by energy politics. While it most often refers to natural resource discovery, it can also refer to "any development that results in a large inflow of foreign currency, including a sharp surge in natural resource prices, foreign assistance, and foreign direct investment".^[1]
The term was coined in 1977 by The Economist to describe the decline of the manufacturing sector in the Netherlands after the discovery of a large natural gasfield in 1959.^[2]

sagijester

顶！

thelma_ca

好喂，多谢楼主

369966065

谢过爷！

vague0909

感谢LZ

cherie890821

感谢LZ！

kikoshanshan

up~

gwendolinecn

ameliewoo