请教两道 prep 逻辑题

迷途小孩

1.Journalist:Every election year at this time the state government releases the financial disclosures that potential candidates must make in order to be eligible to run for office.Among those making the required financial disclosure this year is a prominent local businessman, Arnold Bergeron.There has often been talk in the past of Mr. Bergeron's running for governor, not least from Mr. Bergeron himself.This year it is likely he finally will, since those who have discounted the possibility of a Bergeron candidacy have always pointed to the necessity of making financial disclosure as the main obstacle to such a candidacy.

In the journalist's argument, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

A. The first provides information without which the argument lacks force; the second states the main conclusion of the argument.
B. The first provides information without which the argument lacks force; the second states an intermediate conclusion that is used to support a further conclusion.
C. The first describes a practice that the journalist seeks to defend; the second cites a likely consequence of this practice.
D. The first states evidence bearing against the main conclusion of the argument; the second states that conclusion.
E. Each provides evidence in support of an intermediate conclusion that supports a further conclusion stated in the argument.

正解：A，
米有想通，之前在说：竞选要求披露财产状况：B先生一直被传竞选却没有竞选
          然后跳到：他这次会竞选；因为不看好他当选的人认为是要求披露财产状况这一规定阻碍了B的当选？？
或许是自己对最后一句的理解出了问题，求nn们指教！

2.Nitrogen dioxide is a pollutant emitted by automobiles.  Catalytic converters, devices designed to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions, have been required in all new cars in Donia since 1993, and as a result, nitrogen dioxide emissions have been significantly reduced throughout most of the country.  Yet although the proportion of new cars in Donia's capital city has always been comparatively high, nitrogen dioxide emissions there have showed only an insignificant decline since 1993.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the insignificant decline in nitrogen dioxide emissions in Donia's capital city?
A. More of the cars in Donia's capital city were made before 1993 than after 1993.
B. The number of new cars sold per year in Donia has declined slightly since 1993.
C. Pollutants other than nitrogen dioxide that are emitted by automobiles have also been significantly reduced in Donia since 1993.
D. Many Donians who own cars made before 1993 have had catalytic converters installed in their cars.
E. Most car trips in Donia's capital city are too short for the catalytic converter to reach its effective working temperature

答案是E
始终没法说服自己 总感觉a也对啊
因为一部分车装了新的装置 所以导致insinificant decline

先谢谢大家啦

wangsiwei

我试试看哈。
1. 往年说B不打算参加都是以B没有披露财产位理由， B今年披露了财产，所以B会参选。
2.文章中已经说了新车的比例大了，就已经把A可能性排除在外了。这个题和那个政府给提高了老年金，但老人情况没有改善一样，后者是把通涨的可能性排除了。

迷途小孩

飞天小牛牛

2 The problem with A is the word more. More could mean 51% against 50% or 95% against 5%. Bacause the argument gives no clues about quantifiable statistics, the strength of A could vary