wrong answer in the GWD~~perhaps.

ukgirl2010

I have read one passage in GWD 14 . The passage is below:
The term “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences.Subsequently, Clayton et al. developed criteria to test for episodic memory in animals.According to these criteria, episodic memories are not of individual bits of information; they involve multiple components of a single event “bound” together.Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays’ accurate memory of “what,” “where,” and “when” information and their binding of this information.In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity.Clayton’s experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event.Crickets were stored in one location and peanuts in another.Jays prefer crickets, but crickets degrade more quickly.Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time, showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when.Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information.Clayton acknowledged this by using the term “episodic-like” memory.

In order for Clayton’s experiment to show that scrub jays have episodic-like memory, which of the following must be true in the experiment?

A.Some of the jays retrieved stored peanuts on the first occasion they were allowed to retrieve food.

B.All the crickets were retrieved before any of the peanuts were.

C.The peanuts were stored further away than the crickets.

D.When a jay attempted to retrieve a cricket or a peanut, the jay was prevented from eating it.

E.Throughout the experiment the jays were fed at levels typical of a time of scarcity.

I believe A is much better than E.  E is definitely wrong. but the answer is E....i wonder why...

ukgirl2010

According to the passage, part of the evidence that scrub jays can bind information is that they
A.    showed by their behavior that they were reexperiencing the past
B.    used information acquired through past experiences
C.    assessed the freshness of food that had been stored by other jays
D.    remembered what kind of food was stored in a particular location
E.    recollected single bits of information about sources of food
I believe it should be E not D....but the answer is D...i wonder why....

smilingyuer

I have read one passage in GWD 14 . The passage is below:
The term “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences.Subsequently, Clayton et al. developed criteria to test for episodic memory in animals.According to these criteria, episodic memories are not of individual bits of information; they involve multiple components of a single event “bound” together.Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays’ accurate memory of “what,” “where,” and “when” information and their binding of this information.In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity.Clayton’s experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event.Crickets were stored in one location and peanuts in another.Jays prefer crickets, but crickets degrade more quickly.Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time, showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when.Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information.Clayton acknowledged this by using the term “episodic-like” memory.

In order for Clayton’s experiment to show that scrub jays have episodic-like memory, which of the following must be true in the experiment?

A.Some of the jays retrieved stored peanuts on the first occasion they were allowed to retrieve food.

B.All the crickets were retrieved before any of the peanuts were.

C.The peanuts were stored further away than the crickets.

D.When a jay attempted to retrieve a cricket or a peanut, the jay was prevented from eating it.

E.Throughout the experiment the jays were fed at levels typical of a time of scarcity.

I believe A is much better than E.  E is definitely wrong. but the answer is E....i wonder why...

-- by 会员 ukgirl2010 (2010/7/6 22:55:24)

You can get the answer from the passage directly:In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity.
answer A is wrong ,because:  but crickets degrade more quickly.Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time
也就是过了一段时间cricket degrate后，无论是否被retried完，jays都会转到peanuts

smilingyuer

According to the passage, part of the evidence that scrub jays can bind information is that they
A.    showed by their behavior that they were reexperiencing the past
B.    used information acquired through past experiences
C.    assessed the freshness of food that had been stored by other jays
D.    remembered what kind of food was stored in a particular location
E.    recollected single bits of information about sources of food
I believe it should be E not D....but the answer is D...i wonder why....

-- by 会员 ukgirl2010 (2010/7/6 23:05:19)

We can get answer D from ：showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when
These are multi single . so it  can also deny the answer E : recollected single bits

ukgirl2010

I have read one passage in GWD 14 . The passage is below:
The term “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences.Subsequently, Clayton et al. developed criteria to test for episodic memory in animals.According to these criteria, episodic memories are not of individual bits of information; they involve multiple components of a single event “bound” together.Clayton sought to examine evidence of scrub jays’ accurate memory of “what,” “where,” and “when” information and their binding of this information.In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity.Clayton’s experiment required jays to remember the type, location, and freshness of stored food based on a unique learning event.Crickets were stored in one location and peanuts in another.Jays prefer crickets, but crickets degrade more quickly.Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time, showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when.Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information.Clayton acknowledged this by using the term “episodic-like” memory.

In order for Clayton’s experiment to show that scrub jays have episodic-like memory, which of the following must be true in the experiment?

A.Some of the jays retrieved stored peanuts on the first occasion they were allowed to retrieve food.

B.All the crickets were retrieved before any of the peanuts were.

C.The peanuts were stored further away than the crickets.

D.When a jay attempted to retrieve a cricket or a peanut, the jay was prevented from eating it.

E.Throughout the experiment the jays were fed at levels typical of a time of scarcity.

I believe A is much better than E.  E is definitely wrong. but the answer is E....i wonder why...

-- by 会员 ukgirl2010 (2010/7/6 22:55:24)

You can get the answer from the passage directly:In the wild, these birds store food for retrieval later during periods of food scarcity.
answer A is wrong ,because:  but crickets degrade more quickly.Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time
也就是过了一段时间cricket degrate后，无论是否被retried完，jays都会转到peanuts

-- by 会员 smilingyuer (2010/7/9 10:26:16)

The question is to show the jays have episodic-like memory not episodic memory.....That means we should select the choice that proves the experiment invalid. So i choose A .

ukgirl2010

According to the passage, part of the evidence that scrub jays can bind information is that they
A.    showed by their behavior that they were reexperiencing the past
B.    used information acquired through past experiences
C.    assessed the freshness of food that had been stored by other jays
D.    remembered what kind of food was stored in a particular location
E.    recollected single bits of information about sources of food
I believe it should be E not D....but the answer is D...i wonder why....

-- by 会员 ukgirl2010 (2010/7/6 23:05:19)

We can get answer D from ：showing that they retain information about the what, the where, and the when
These are multi single . so it  can also deny the answer E : recollected single bits

-- by 会员 smilingyuer (2010/7/9 11:13:31)

well..the single bits may refer to..what.where..and when...I guess the reason
why jays switch from**to peanut is that they have taken all things into considerations not the mere location or something else. So E means taking all bits of information into considerations.  How can D be an evidence to support the conclusion....? could you explain it in details?...Thank you