GWD5-Q19 望牛牛指导，别见笑

sasha_wen

Historian:  In the Drindian Empire, censuses were conducted annually to determine the population of each village.  Village census records for the last half of the 1600’s are remarkably complete.  This very completeness makes one point stand out; in five different years, villages overwhelmingly reported significant population declines.  Tellingly, each of those five years immediately followed an increase in a certain Drindian tax.  This tax, which was assessed on villages, was computed by the central government using the annual census figures.  Obviously, whenever the tax went up, villages had an especially powerful economic incentive to minimize the number of people they recorded; and concealing the size of a village’s population from government census takers would have been easy.  Therefore, it is reasonable to think that the reported declines did not happen.



In the historian’s argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

1. The first supplies a context for the historian’s argument; the second acknowledges a consideration that has been used to argue against the position the historian seeks to establish.
   
   
   
2. The first presents evidence to support the position that the historian seeks to establish; the second acknowledges a consideration that has been used to argue against that position.
   
   
   
3. The first provides a context for certain evidence that supports the position that the historian seeks to establish; the second is that position.
   
   
   
4. The first is a position for which the historian argues; the second is an assumption that serves as the basis of that argument.
   
   
   
5. The first is an assumption that the historian explicitly makes in arguing for a certain position; the second acknowledges a consideration that calls that assumption into question.
   

答案是C。

我的问题是本文这句话怎么理解：each of those five years immediately followed an increase in a certain Drindian tax. ？

上文讲到在不同的五年里村庄报告了人口的递减，这五年里的每一年都紧跟着税的增加，但这和本文意思不对，我觉得应该是税增加后五年里的每一年人口下降，这样才能进行随后的推理，即避税！

我是哪里出了问题，望牛牛们指导，别见笑！

herminliu

我选C，我的做题方法是

从第一个黑体字到第二个黑体字当中没有任何的转折，说明第一句和第二句黑体是相同方向的。
第二个黑体句就是结束句，说明：第一个黑体句和第二个黑体句和中心是同方向的。因此把选项中，关于黑体句反对中心的全部过滤掉。就留下CD。

C.The first provides a context for certain evidence that supports the position that the historian seeks to establish; the second is that position.

D. The first is a position for which the historian argues; the second is an assumption that serves as the basis of that argument

CD的区别是：第二句黑体C是postion，D是assumption。所以看原文，第二局黑体在therefore,后面作为总结局的。所以不可能是assumption,只会是postion。因此就是C对了

别问我为什么，我只会做题

sasha_wen

ding

sunlight841206

我觉得“followed”，应该理解成“伴随着”的意思！
表示两者同时发生，并没有先后顺序！

不懂不懂

那句话的意思就是告诉你每一个五年都是税收增长伴随着人口普查数量的下降，人们之所以瞒报人口数就是因为想避税，所以一句话是事实，一句话是作者观点。

shj0203xr

楼上Nb,不过这样做题效果很好啊，膜拜

haihui4148

同意~！哈哈

vicky727luo

这个方法真好，是不是以后做Bold Face的题目只要从看2句黑体字句中间有无转折，确定是否同一个方向入手啊~

sasha_wen

谢谢四楼分享的方法，说句实在话，我看这题逻辑看得云里雾里的，有没有谁能帮我翻译一下，感激啊~~~

sasha_wen

This very completeness makes one point stand out; in five different years, villages overwhelmingly reported significant population declines.  Tellingly, each of those five years immediately followed an increase in a certain Drindian tax.怎么翻？
我的翻译是：人口普查的完整性使得一个问题突出；在不同的五年里，村子的人口下降。显然，在这五年中的每一年都紧跟税的增加。（税增加在前，人口下降在后）
不知道我的理解有什么问题吗？望牛牛们进一步指导，感激不尽