求教一道GWD， 答案似乎有误

sanlingjie

In my opinion, E is based on the assumption that the living of the elderly citizens before the increase is below a comfortable status, however, no information in the text indicates so. If before the increase, the elderly citizens have already been in a comfortable living status, then after the 20 percent increase the elderly cizitens should have their financial status better off. So E is incorrect.

hanshipeng

如果不发这些钱，照样通胀，照样他们买的东西更贵。发钱当然增加福利了。这个题目关键就是，老人的收入总量会不会由于政府发钱而变化。如果增加，不管通胀都是增加福利的。但是如果收入一定，就像E说的，政府多发100，子女少给100.那么政府发钱就是减轻子女的经济负担了。而不是改善老人的生活了。

克克里斯蒂

如果不发这些钱，照样通胀，照样他们买的东西更贵。发钱当然增加福利了。这个题目关键就是，老人的收入总量会不会由于政府发钱而变化。如果增加，不管通胀都是增加福利的。但是如果收入一定，就像E说的，政府多发100，子女少给100.那么政府发钱就是减轻子女的经济负担了。而不是改善老人的生活了。

-- by 会员 hanshipeng (2011/8/15 11:09:54)

1. Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible 通货膨胀忽略不计呀
2. E提到 but only by enough to provide them with a comfortable living 但是原文明明说Concerned about financial well-being of its elderly citizens
就是因为政府觉得老人的生活条件不够好所以才会出这样的补贴政策，没道理子女却觉得老人已经生活的足够好了。。。。

求帮助解释

仰望星空的石子

我觉得这题C还可以这样理解，老年人在通货膨胀快的时候买东西，通货膨胀快，本身就是一个相对概念，怎么就叫快怎么就叫慢呢。一天涨一块前可以说快也可以说慢。和老人消费能不能改善生活没有直接的关系，反而如果题目说通货膨胀率高到会对老人生活有影响。就像OG里的22题说的，那题说的是老年人用的东西有一个更高的通货膨胀率。所以这里说的不是一个概念，所以C说的不相关。
E为什么相关，我觉得是题目没有看懂  In Runagia children typically supplement the income of elderly parents, but only by enough to provide them with a comfortable living 。说的是孩子会提供income but by enough to provide them with a confortable living.意思是这种提供会在舒适的生活处截止。意思是孩子不会提供更多的supplement.所以当政府提供的时候，老人生活达到了comfortable level的时候孩子会自动撤走。所以E是相关的，即政府提供的资助后老人生活没有变得更better off,因为孩子撤资了。

anyahinderance

Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible

没有inflation哪来物价飞涨？

camille12345678

The passage has told us that: Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible
so we should omit the factor of inflation.

Rita22246

题目里不是说了  Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible。。。所以选E 阿

chasefood

manhattan网上的解释
when you get questions like this, SIMPLICITY and DIRECT RELATIONSHIP TO THE MATERIAL OF THE PASSAGE are the keys.

one especially powerful technique is to simplify the passage down to 1-2 sentences.

here is one such simplification, for this passage:
the government increased all the elderly people's pensions. but, for some reason, the elderly people don't actually have any more money now.
our challenge is to find the "some reason" here.

we need a reason why the increase will have NO EFFECT on the elderly people's income. in other words, we must find some factor that will immediately cancel out the effect of the increase, since we know that the elderly people are indeed getting the money.

(e) does a splendid job of this. if the elderly's income is supplemented by their children - up to a FIXED amount ("a comfortable living") - then it makes absolutely no difference how much pension those elderly people are receiving, as long as the pension is less than "a comfortable living". in other words, their children are just going to pay the difference anyway.

(d) gives no reason why the effect of the pension would be cancelled out. in fact, if (d) is true, then we would expect just the opposite: if more elderly runagians are in poverty than ever before, then the effect of the pension increase should be amplified (in terms of lifting them out of that poverty).

览物之情

10月20日
1 29s
premise: Leibniz, the seventeenth-century
philosopher, published his version of calculus
before Newton did. But then Newton revealed his private notebooks, which showed he had
been using these ideas for at least a decade before Leibniz’s publication. Newton also
claimed that he had disclosed these ideas toLeibniz in a letter shortly before Leibniz’s
publication. Yet close examination of the letter shows that Newton’s few cryptic remarks did not reveal anything important about calculus.

conclusion：Thus, Leibniz and Newton each independently discovered calculus.
Which one of the following is an assumption required by the historian’s argument?
P N did not copy L’s idea.
(A) Leibniz did not tell anyone about calculus prior to publishing his version of it.---too brode
(B) No third person independently discovered calculus prior to Newton and Leibniz.---irrelevant
(C) Newton believed that Leibniz was able to learn something important about calculus from his letter to him.-----irrelevant
(D) Neither Newton nor Leibniz knew that the other had developed a version of calculus prior to Leibniz’s publication.
(E) Neither Newton nor Leibniz learned crucial details about calculus from some third
source.-----correct. If not then both of them did not find independently

2 33s
Premise:Fearing that the use of titles indicating position in the corporation tends to make the corporate hierarchy rigid by inhibiting communication, some corporations shun the use of executive titles.  A title, however, can facilitate an executive's dealings with external businesses since it encourages outsiders to treat the executive with respect.
Conclusion: The obvious compromise is for these executives to use their titles externally but not within their corporations.  

Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the compromise suggested above?因果联系
A.        Only small corporations can preserve an atmosphere of mutual respect and high regard without having a rigid corporate hierarchy.------irrelevant
B. Referring to an executive by using a title can encourage both those outside the organization and inside the organization to treat the executive with respect.---irrelevant
C. Even if it is widely known within a corporation that the corporation's executives use executive titles outside their organizations, this knowledge does not by itself inhibit communication within the corporation.----correct
D. A rigid corporate hierarchy can promote efficiency within an organization as well as provide access to the corporation for those outside the organization.-----weaken
E. Although many corporate executives disapprove of rigid hierarchies on the grounds that they inhibit communication, the vast majority of executives have no qualms about using titles both internally and externally.----irrelevant

3 27s这个思路不太理解
Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
Concerned about the financial well-being of its elderly citizens, the government of Runagia decided two years ago to increase by 20 percent the government-provided pension paid to all Runagians over 65.  Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible, and the increase has been duly received by all eligible Runagians.  Nevertheless, many of them are no better off financially than they were before the increase, in large part because __________.
P 属于不可预测的题型
A.        they rely entirely on the government pension for their income----irrelevant
B. Runagian banks are so inefficient that it can take up to three weeks to cash a pension check---irrelevant
C. they buy goods whose prices tend to rise especially fast in times of inflation----correct
D. the pension was increased when the number of elderly Runagians below the poverty level reached an all-time high
E. in Runagia children typically supplement the income of elderly parents, but only by enough to provide them with a comfortable living----i就是领了政府金孩子就不给了？
C说，物价涨的更厉害。物价涨的更厉害，只能说明他们的购买力没有好转，而不是经济状况，ok？如果政府没增加这钱，他们连东西都买不起，现在他们的经济状况好多了，只是购买力还不高而已。

E说，children会给老人钱，只有他不够花的时候，以前政府给的少，孩子们给的多，现在反过来了而已，只是保持在同一个水平上，所以跟以前没啥变化。

4 25s
Two years ago, the government of Runagia increased by 20 percent the government-provided pensions paid to Runagians over 65.  The aim of the increase was to stimulate the economy in the rural regions of the country, where most pension recipients live.  Statistics, however, show that there has been no increase in economic activity in those regions since then, but that there has been noticeably more spending in the urban areas.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the increase resulted in the unintended state of affairs described?不可预测
A. Until the pensions were increased, many Runagians over 65 in rural regions had been receiving support from their children who live in urban areas
第一题的内容大致是：政府本来是想通过 increase pension 给老人来刺
激rural 地方的经济，因为大多数receive pension 的老人都在这个rural 地
区，但结果是rural地区的经济没有得到刺激，但是urban 地区的经济反而得
到刺激（more spending in urban areas）.
解释的原因这如A所说，在没有得到increase pension之前，那些在rural地区
的老人是通过他们在urban地区的孩子还救济的。现在政府帮助了减轻了那些
孩子给老人补贴的负担，当然这些孩子的开销空间就变大了，所以导致more

spending in the urban areas
B. The pensions were increased when the number of people below the poverty level in rural areas of Runagia reached an all-time high.---irrelevant
C. City-dwellers in Runagia rarely travel to rural regions of the country.---
D. The Runagian postal system is so inefficient that it can take up to three weeks for pension checks to reach recipients in rural areas.----irrelevant
E. On average, the pensions were higher in rural than in urban areas before the increase.---irrelevant

5 19s
When a new restaurant, Martin's Cafe, opened in Riverville last year, many people predicted that business at the Wildflower Inn, Riverville's only other restaurant, would suffer from the competition.  
Surprisingly, however, in the year since Martin's Cafe opened, the average number of meals per night served at the Wildflower Inn has increased significantly.
没必然联系
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the increase?
A. Unlike the Wildflower Inn, Martin's Cafe serves considerably more meals on weekends than it does on weekdays.----irrelevant
B. Most of the customers of Martin's Cafe had never dined in Riverville before this restaurant opened, and on most days Martin's Cafe attracts more customers than it can seat.------so they go to wildflower—correct.
C. The profit per meal is higher, on average, for meals served at Martin's Cafe than for those served at the Wildflower Inn.----irrelevant
D. The Wildflower Inn is not open on Sundays, and therefore Riverville residents who choose to dine out on that day must either eat at Martin's Cafe or go to neighboring towns to eat.----irrelevant
E. A significant proportion of the staff at Martin's Cafe are people who formerly worked at the Wildflower Inn and were hired away by the owner of Martin's Cafe.-----irrelevant

kakadinho

C的错误在于 they buy goods, 不能说明任何问题，谁不buy goods, buy比通胀涨价快的goods也很可能啊。
没有说清楚goods和老人的关系，进而没有啥意义。

OG中C选项是这样说的：The prices of goods and services that meet the special needs of many senior citizens have increased at a rate much higher than the rate of inflation. 看到差别了吧。

不同意对于C错误的两种说法：
1）2楼说价格购买力，和经济状况无关（反对意见：。。。）
2）原文说通胀negligible，于是不考虑价格和通胀的选项（这些考友应该忽视了，通胀是综合指数，不影响某些具体商品的涨价）