求教：GWD题目解释

jackliu1210

用了一个星期，把GWD前11套做完了。错了一些题目，有些是想出来了。有些还是没想明白。请教各位G友。





注：斜体是我自己选的答案，答案是在下边。谢谢





T-3-Q3.  

Scientists have made genetic modifications to cotton to increase its resistance to insect pests. According to farmers’ report, the amount of insecticide needed per acre to control insect pests was only slightly lower for those who tried the modified seed than for those who did not. Therefore, since the modified seed costs more than ordinary seed without producing yields of higher market value, switching to the modified seed would be unlikely to benefit most cotton farmers economically.



Which of the following would it be most useful to know in order to evaluate the argument?



A.      Whether farmers who tried the modified cotton seed had ever tried growing other crops from genetically modified seed.

B.       Whether the insecticides typically used on ordinary cotton tend to be more expensive than insecticides typically used on other crops.

C.      Whether for most farms who grow cotton it is their primary crop

D.      Whether the farmers who have tried the modified seed planted as many acres of cotton, on average, as farmers using the ordinary seed did.

E.

      Whether most of the farmers who tried the modified seed did so because they had previously had to use exceptionally large quantities of insecticide.


B



T-3-Q8.  

The number of applications for teaching positions in Newtown’s public schools was 5.7 percent lower in 1993 than in 1985 and 5.9 percent lower in 1994 than in 1985. Despite a steadily growing student population and an increasing number of teacher resignations, however, Newtown does not face a shortage in the late 1990’s.



Which of the following, if true, would contribute most to an explanation of the apparent discrepancy above?



A.      Many of Newtown’s public school students do not graduate from high school

B.       New housing developments planned for Newtown are (shared) for occupancy in 1987 and are expected to increase the number of elementary school students in Newtown’s public  

C.      The Newtown school board does not contemplate increasing the ratio of students to teachers in the 1990’s.

D.      Teachers’ colleges in and near Newtown produced lower graduates in 1994 than in 1993

E.       In 1993 Newtown’s public schools received 40 percent more applications for teaching positions than there were positions available.

E  

请问E是怎么推出来的？



T-3-Q17. 天山-7-14

Not one of the potential investors is expected to make an effort to buy First Interstate Bank until a merge agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were not to be concluded.



A.      is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merge agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were

B.

      is expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until they sign a merge agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal was


C.      is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merge agreement be signed by them with a provision for penalties if the deal were

D.      are expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until it signs a merge agreement with a provision for penalties included if the deal was

E.       are expected to be making an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until they sign a merge agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal were

A  

T-3-Q25-Q27

      Researchers studying how genes control animal behavior have had to deal with many uncertainties. In the first place, most behaviors are governed by more than one gene, and until recently geneticists had no method for identifying the multiple genes involved. In addition, even when a single gene is found to control a behavior, researchers in different fields do not necessarily agree that it is a “behavioral gene.” Neuroscientists, whose interest in genetic research is to understand the nervous system (which generates behavior), define the term broadly. But ethologists ― specialists in animal behavior― are interested in evolution, so they define the term narrowly. They insist that mutations in a behavioral gene must alter a specific normal behavior and not merely make the organism ill, so that the genetically induced behavioral change will provide variation that natural selection can act upon, possibly leading to the evolution of a new species. For example, in the fruit fly, researchers have identified the gene Shaker, mutations in which cause flies to shake violently under anesthesia. Since shaking is not healthy, ethologists do not consider Shaker

a behavioral gene. In contrast, ethologists do consider the gene period (per), which controls the fruit fly’s circadian (24 hour) rhythm, a behavioral gene because files with mutated per

genes are healthy, they simply have different rhythms.






T-3-Q26

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following, if true, would be most likely to influence ethologists’ opinions about whether a particular gene in a species is a behavioral gene?



A.      The gene is found only in that species.

B.       The gene is extremely difficult to identify.

C.

     The only effect of mutations in the gene is to make the organism ill.


D.      Neuroscientists consider the gene to be a behavioral gene.

E.       Geneticists consider the gene to be a behavioral gene.

A  

这题的答案再哪里啊。我怎么没找到呢？



GWD-24-Q 22:

Often patients with ankle fractures that are stable, and thus do not require surgery, are given follow-up x-rays because their orthopedists are concerned about possibly having misjudged the stability of the fracture. When a number of follow-up x-rays were reviewed, however, all the fractures that had initially been judged stable were found to have healed correctly. Therefore, it is a waste of money to order follow-up

x-rays of ankle fracture initially judged stable.



Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?



A.      Doctors who are general practitioners rather than orthopedists are less likely than orthopedists to judge the stability of an ankle fracture correctly.

B.       Many ankle injuries for which an initial x-ray is ordered are revealed by the x-ray not to involve any fracture of the ankle.

C.      X-rays of patients of many different orthopedists working in several hospitals were reviewed.

D.      The healing of ankle fractures that have been surgically repaired is always checked by means of a follow-up x-ray.

E.       Orthopedists routinely order follow-up x-rays for fractures of bone other than ankle bones.

C  

GWD-24-29.

Plant scientists have been able to genetically engineer vegetable seeds to produce crops that are highly resistant to insect damage. Although these seeds currently cost more than conventional seeds, their cost is likely to decline. Moreover, farmers planting them can use far less pesticide, and most consumers prefer vegetables grown with less pesticide, therefore, for crops for which these seeds can be developed, their use is likely to become the norm.



Which of the following would be most useful to know in evaluating the argument above?



A.      Whether plant scientists have developed insect-resistant seeds for every crop that is currently grown commercially

B.

      Whether farmers typically use agricultural pesticides in larger amounts than is necessary to prevent crop damage.


C.      Whether plants grown from the new genetically engineered seeds can be kept completely free of insect damage.

D.      Whether seeds genetically engineered to produce insect-resistant crops generate significantly lower per acre crop yields than do currently used seeds.

E.       Whether most varieties of crops currently grown commercially have greater natural resistance to insect damage than did similar varieties in the past.

D



GWD-12-Q14:

In 1914 a total of 469,000 cars and trucks were produced in the United States, but in 1929 almost twice the numbers of tucks alone came off the assembly lines.

A.

     the numbers of tucks alone


B.       that number of trucks alone

C.      the number of trucks by themselves

D.      as many trucks themselves

E.       as many trucks by themselves

B

GWD-10-Q2: GWD-11-10

Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.

A.

     Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is


B.       Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, but which is

C.      Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become

D.      Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for private conversation, a substitute for the telephone, which has become

E.       Marconi conceived of the radio to be a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, other than what it is,

C  

GWD-10-Q3

For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrow weed supported by posts set in a rectangle.



A.      each a roof of poles and arrowweed

B.       each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being

C.      with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed

D.

     with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be


E.       with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are

A

GWD-10-Q32

Most of the purported health benefits of tea comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C that inhibit the formation of plaque along the body’s blood vessels.



A.      comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C that

B.       comes from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they

C.

     come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and


D.      come from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C and that

E.       come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they

D



GWD-9-Q27:

Scientists have identified an asteroid, 2000 BF19, that is about half a mile wide and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but probably not cause planetwide destruction.

A.

     and, if it strikes Earth, it can do tremendous damage to part of the planet but


B.       and, if it would strike Earth, part of the planet could experience a tremendous amount of damage but it would

C.      and that, if it were to strike Earth, could do tremendous damage to part of the planet but would

D.      and that, if Earth is struck by it, can do part of the planet tremendous damage, but it would

E.       and that, if it strikes Earth, it could experience a tremendous amount of damage but

C



GWD-8-Q18:

According to a recent study of consumer spending on prescription medications, increases in the sales of the 50 drugs that were advertised most heavily accounts for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of which came from sales of the 9,850 prescription medicines that companies did not advertise or advertised very little.

A.

     heavily accounts for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of which came


B.       heavily were what accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year; the remainder of the increase coming

C.      heavily accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of the increase coming  

D.      heavily, accounting for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, while the remainder of the increase came

E.       heavily, which accounted for almost half of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, with the remainder of it coming

C



GWD7-Q13:

Like the grassy fields and old pastures that the upland sandpiper needs for feeding and nesting when it returns in May after wintering in the Argentine Pampas, the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in farming practices.

A.

     the sandpipers vanishing in the northeastern United States is a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in


B.       the bird itself is vanishing in the northeastern United States as a result of residential and industrial development and of changes in

C.      that the birds themselves are vanishing in the northeastern United States is due to residential and industrial development and changes to

D.      in the northeastern United States, sandpipers’ vanishing is due to residential and industrial development and to changes in

E.       in the northeastern United States, the sandpipers’ vanishing, a result of residential and industrial development and changing

B



GWD6-Q31:

The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably on a spectrum of genetic relatedness.

A.

     The fact of some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably


B.       That some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly while others look quite dissimilar highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely that they vary considerably

C.      With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely considerable variation

D.      With some fraternal twins resembling each other greatly and others looking quite dissimilar, it is a fact that highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely a considerable variation

E.       Because some fraternal twins resemble each other greatly and others look quite dissimilar, this fact highlights an interesting and often overlooked feature of fraternal-twin pairs, namely they vary considerably

B



GWD6-Q14:

Political Advertisement:

Mayor Delmont’s critics complain about the jobs that were lost in the city under Delmont’s leadership.  Yet the fact is that not only were more jobs created than were eliminated, but the average pay for these new jobs has been higher than the average pay for jobs citywide every year since Delmont took office.  So there can be no question that throughout Delmont’s tenure the average paycheck in this city has been getting steadily bigger.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument in the advertisement?

A.

     The average pay for jobs created in the city during the past three years was higher than the average pay for jobs created in the city earlier in Mayor Delmont’s tenure.


B.       Average pay in the city was at a ten-year low when Mayor Delmont took office.

C.      Some of the jobs created in the city during Mayor Delmont’s tenure have in the meantime been eliminated again.

D.      The average pay for jobs eliminated in the city during Mayor Delmont’s tenure has been roughly equal every year to the average pay for jobs citywide.

E.       The average pay for jobs in the city is currently higher than it is for jobs in the suburbs surrounding the city.

D



GWD5-Q39:

In 2000, a mere two dozen products accounted for half the increase in spending on prescription drugs, a phenomenon that is explained not just because of more expensive drugs but by the fact that doctors are writing many more prescriptions for higher-cost drugs.



A.      a phenomenon that is explained not just because of more expensive drugs but by the fact that doctors are writing

B.       a phenomenon that is explained not just by the fact that drugs are becoming more expensive but also by the fact that doctors are writing

C.      a phenomenon occurring not just because of drugs that are becoming more expensive but because of doctors having also written

D.      which occurred not just because drugs are becoming more expensive but doctors are also writing

E.

      which occurred not just because of more expensive drugs but because doctors have also written


B

英语有没有not just but also并列的

ruirui_hsu

哥们儿 你该一个题一个帖子..你这么发 没有人想看.....