Exposure to certain chemicals commonly used in elementary schools as cleaners or pesticides cause allergic reactions in some children. Elementary school nurses in Renston report that the proportion of schoolchildren set to them for treatment of allergic reactions to those chemicals has increased significantly over the past ten years. Therefore, either Renston's schoolchildren have been exposed to greater quantities of the chemicals or they are more sensitive to them than schoolchildren were ten years ago.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(B) Children who are allergic to the chemicals are no more likely than other children to have allergies to other substances
(C) Children who have allergic reactions to the chemicals are not more likely to be sent to a school nurse now than they were ten year ago.
Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery -- a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease -- only 75 percent benefited from the surgery.
Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument? 问削弱
D. The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.
E. The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.
Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
Each species of moth has an optimal body temperature for effective flight, and when air temperatures fall much below that temperature, the moths typically have to remain inactive on vegetation for extended periods, leaving them highly vulnerable to predators.
In general, larger moths can fly faster than smaller ones and hence have a better chance of evading flying predators, but they also have higher optimal body temperatures, which explains why _____.
B. Large moths are proportionally much more common in warm climates than in cool climates.
Historian: In the Drindian Empire, censuses were conducted annually to determine the population of each village. Village census records for the last half of the 1600's are remarkably complete. This very completeness makes one point stand out; in five different years, villages overwhelmingly reported significant population delines. Tellingly, each of those five years immediately followed an increase in a certain Drindian tax. This tax, which was assessed on villages, was computed by the central government using the annual census figures. Obviously, whenever the tax went up, villages had an especially powerful economic incentive to minimize the number of people they recorded; and concealing the size of a village's population from government census takers would have been easy. Therefore, it is reasonable to think that the reported declines did not happen.
In the historian's argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
C. The first provides a context for certain evidence that supports the position that the historian seeks to establish; the second is that position.
D. The first is a position for which the historian argues; the second is an assumption that serves as the basis of that argument.
正确答案是C
我想请教的是，这个historian argue的是什么？D选项中的前半句，the first is a position for which the historian argues，是指“Village census records for the last half of the 1600's are remarkably complete” 是这个历史学家赞成的还是反驳的？
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发表于 2009-8-26 06:58:00
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