OG12-126 不理解啊！！！

luoweijia0511

A把
排除法

melodycataries

分析了正确答案以后大家都明白。
现在我想知道的是，在考场上如果碰到这题，怎么一下就能理解that是跳跃修饰reactions还是修饰individual的呢？

-- by 会员 wildeyes (2009/9/19 18:03:00)

老子的心声啊！！！！

-- by 会员 jbc88 (2010/10/8 16:44:34)

这道题我也做错了。我以为是 individual 产生了 unconscious physiological responses.
现在分析下来，我觉得“in turn ”这个词可以多少帮助我们判断下 unconscious physiological responses的发出这到底是谁。
"in turn "这个词 有“转而”这层意思，仔细体会有一点点转折的感觉。
所以，第一句lying 产生了 emotional reactions.（reactions 在这里作为被产生的对象）
"in turn"之后， reactions 的角色发生了变化，由之前“被产生”，翻身当主人，主动去“产生”其他东西。
就是此句中的“reactions create responses”.
不知道我这样说是否明白，不知道大家能不能感受到这层微妙的转折的意思。

-- by 会员 小福娃欢欢 (2011/6/21 23:10:55)

正解！！解惑了！！

小花呱

版主的解释相当到位，需要好好体会。

chenzhen8752

对于OG对C选项的解释：creating seems to refer back to lying; if used as a participial, creating would have to be preceded by a comma.我想是这样的：

首先可以肯定的是：不管是that creates/create, who creates还是creating逻辑上都没有修饰到individual的歧义，就如OG对E的解释："reactions is not a person, who is the wrong relative pronoun to use"，即便用了who，也不是指代individual，而是指代reactions，因为指代individual逻辑上不合理，测谎仪不是对某类特定的人才有用。虽然GMAT不要求专门的知识，但是常识性的逻辑推理还是需要的。
续观C选项：
The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses.
C选项里creating与emotional reactions被in an individual隔开，造成creating语法上与reactions脱节，那么就只有做状语修饰最临近的分句了，如果没有in an individual隔开就可以了(*见下面类似题)，；但问题是creating前面少了逗号，所以语法上依然通不过。而且即便creating前面加上逗号用作分词表示伴随结果，比起A选项还是差了一点，它只表明了产生physiological responses是前面"lying造成emotional reactions的结果"，而漏了一层含义：该physiological respones是emotional reactions产生的；A表明该逻辑链更为清晰：lying先造成了emotional reactions，emotional reactions再接着产生了physiological responses。不过即便有这样的不清晰(less successful at clarifying the chain of events)，如果C选项creating前加上逗号也是没有语法、逻辑上的错误的。

对于"如果没有in an individual隔开就可以了"，见下例：

By a vote of 9 to 0, the Supreme Court awarded the Central Intelligence Agency broad discretionary powers enabling it to withhold from the public the identities of its sources of intelligence information.
(A) enabling it to withhold from the public
(B) for it to withhold from the public
(C) for withholding disclosure to the public of
(D) that enable them to withhold from public disclosure
(E) that they can withhold public disclosure of
key: A
OG解释：In this correct sentence, the underlined phrase clearly modifies powers; it refers to the Central Intelligence Agency. To withhold from the public is concise, idiomatic, and clear.
本体enabling紧接所修饰成分，所以没有问题。

还有两个问题想请教下版主
creating与emotional reactions被in an individual隔开  ,这句话的意思是不是说当分词做定语的时候优先修饰前前面的词？还想问下版主，当分词做定语不能修饰它最邻近的词的时候，是否可以跳跃修饰主语和宾语，在这题中，就是将creating看做是reaction 或者是lying的定语（我个人觉得是不可以的，希望能够得到NN的确认）？
但问题是creating前面少了逗号，这里的意思是不是说当分词作为状语的时候，前面必须要由逗号？

rainbowmanutd

我不太同意版主的意见。。额。。。

版主说：”首先可以肯定的是：不管是that creates/create, who creates还是creating逻辑上都没有修饰到individual的歧义，就如OG对E的解释："reactions is not a person, who is the wrong relative pronoun to use"，即便用了who，也不是指代individual，而是指代reactions，因为指代individual逻辑上不合理，测谎仪不是对某类特定的人才有用。虽然GMAT不要求专门的知识，但是常识性的逻辑推理还是需要的。“

是因为逻辑不合理就排除了这些词修饰individual的可能了吗？
那OG里面还有一个题目，就是“因为动物园的犀牛都把角拔了，旅客们不去看了”后面有个their, 但是如果按逻辑说的话，their不可能指代旅客，因为旅客是不会张角的。但是OG 的解释说，their有可能指代犀牛和旅客。这于版主说的“按逻辑排除修饰indivudial“相左啊~
具体题目如下：
OG75:
A proposal has been made to trim the horns from rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are trimmed.
(A)    whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are
(B)    whether tourists will continue to visit game parks to see one once their horns are
(C)    whether tourists will continue to visit game
parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals’
horns have been
(D)    if tourists will continue to visit game parks and
see rhinoceroses once the animals’ horns are
(E)    if tourists will continue to visit game parks to
see one after the animals’ horns have been

答案解释A的their指代不清

deityc

对于OG对C选项的解释：creating seems to refer back to lying; if used as a participial, creating would have to be preceded by a comma.我想是这样的：

首先可以肯定的是：不管是that creates/create, who creates还是creating逻辑上都没有修饰到individual的歧义，就如OG对E的解释："reactions is not a person, who is the wrong relative pronoun to use"，即便用了who，也不是指代individual，而是指代reactions，因为指代individual逻辑上不合理，测谎仪不是对某类特定的人才有用。虽然GMAT不要求专门的知识，但是常识性的逻辑推理还是需要的。
续观C选项：
The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual creating, in turn, unconscious physiological responses.
C选项里creating与emotional reactions被in an individual隔开，造成creating语法上与reactions脱节，那么就只有做状语修饰最临近的分句了，如果没有in an individual隔开就可以了(*见下面类似题)，；但问题是creating前面少了逗号，所以语法上依然通不过。而且即便creating前面加上逗号用作分词表示伴随结果，比起A选项还是差了一点，它只表明了产生physiological responses是前面"lying造成emotional reactions的结果"，而漏了一层含义：该physiological respones是emotional reactions产生的；A表明该逻辑链更为清晰：lying先造成了emotional reactions，emotional reactions再接着产生了physiological responses。不过即便有这样的不清晰(less successful at clarifying the chain of events)，如果C选项creating前加上逗号也是没有语法、逻辑上的错误的。

对于"如果没有in an individual隔开就可以了"，见下例：

By a vote of 9 to 0, the Supreme Court awarded the Central Intelligence Agency broad discretionary powers enabling it to withhold from the public the identities of its sources of intelligence information.
(A) enabling it to withhold from the public
(B) for it to withhold from the public
(C) for withholding disclosure to the public of
(D) that enable them to withhold from public disclosure
(E) that they can withhold public disclosure of
key: A
OG解释：In this correct sentence, the underlined phrase clearly modifies powers; it refers to the Central Intelligence Agency. To withhold from the public is concise, idiomatic, and clear.
本体enabling紧接所修饰成分，所以没有问题。

还有两个问题想请教下版主
creating与emotional reactions被in an individual隔开  ,这句话的意思是不是说当分词做定语的时候优先修饰前前面的词？还想问下版主，当分词做定语不能修饰它最邻近的词的时候，是否可以跳跃修饰主语和宾语，在这题中，就是将creating看做是reaction 或者是lying的定语（我个人觉得是不可以的，希望能够得到NN的确认）？
但问题是creating前面少了逗号，这里的意思是不是说当分词作为状语的时候，前面必须要由逗号？

-- by 会员 chenzhen8752 (2011/8/16 21:19:14)

同样的问题，按照版主的说法是不是ing不能跳跃指代，而that可以跳跃指代

geniealice

The use of lie detectors is based on the assumption that lying produces emotional reactions in an individual that , in turn, create unconscious physiological responses.

版主说的意思是不是说that/which指代前面的中心词，修饰成分可以不考虑？？？
in an individual 这里是介宾短语，定语，修饰reactions。that跳过修饰部分直接指代reactions？？？

另外，OG解释C选项：
This construction is less successful at clarifying the chain of events because creating seems to refer back to lying...
不懂creating前面有一个individual(none)怎么能修饰到lying？即使修饰不是也修饰an individual吗？？？

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回34#
OG12-SC-Q75
A proposal has been made to trim the horns from rhinoceroses to discourage poachers; the question is whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are trimmed.
(A)    whether tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses after their horns are
(B)    whether tourists will continue to visit game parks to see one once their horns are
(C)    whether tourists will continue to visit game parks to see rhinoceroses once the animals’ horns have been
(D)    if tourists will continue to visit game parks and see rhinoceroses once the animals’ horns are
(E)    if tourists will continue to visit game parks to see one after the animals’ horns have been

OA：C
这里连接两句的是分号，前后侧重点不同，后句如果用their则会指代后面句子里的词

kante

越看越糊涂，我只想知道怎么做题，做得时候通过什么标志排除就行了，NN能列出来嘛，就说哪一项看到哪儿他就错了就行了

午夜精灵Ying

jbc88 发表于 2010-10-8 16:44
分析了正确答案以后大家都明白。现在我想知道的是，在考场上如果碰到这题，怎么一下就能理解that是跳跃 ...

也是偶的心声啊~~考场上时间那么急迫`怎么能快准狠的做对这种题啊

viewlam

aeoluseros 发表于 2011-2-2 13:12
对于OG对C选项的解释：creating seems to refer back to lying; if used as a participial, creating would ...

说的太好了！