再问逻辑一道~~~

crusoecrusoe

9.     Brain
scans of people exposed to certain neurotoxins reveal brain damage
identical to that found in people suffering from Parkinson’s disease.
This fact shows not only that these neurotoxins cause this type of
brain damage, but also that the brain damage itself causes Parkinson’s
disease. Thus brain scans can be used to determine who is likely to
develop Parkinson’s disease.

(B)
It overestimates the importance of early diagnosis in determining
appropriate treatments for people suffering from Parkinson’s disease.

(C)
It mistakes a correlation between the type of brain damage described
and Parkinson’s disease for a causal relation between the two.

这题我又仔细看了看，收回前面的戏言。

Brain
scans of people exposed to certain neurotoxins reveal brain damage
identical to that found in people suffering from Parkinson’s disease.
This fact shows not only that these neurotoxins cause this type of
brain damage, but also that the brain damage itself causes Parkinson’s
disease. Thus brain scans can be used to determine who is likely to
develop Parkinson’s disease.

This fact shows not only that these neurotoxins cause this type of
brain damage, but also that the brain damage itself causes Parkinson’s
disease. 是对事实的陈述，逻辑是 neurotoxins导致brain damage，而brain damage导致Parkinson’s
disease，因此，便是neurotoxins导致Parkinson’s
disease。

题干意思是由于“Brain
scans”揭示了brain damage导致Parkinson’s
disease的事实，因此，就断定who is likely to
develop Parkinson’s disease，这显然是很草率的。

由此，从宏观上看，B答案是说得过去的。

(B)
It overestimates the importance of early diagnosis in determining
appropriate treatments for people suffering from Parkinson’s disease.

反观C答案：

(C)
It mistakes a correlation between the type of brain damage described
and Parkinson’s disease for a causal relation between the two.

damage的问题，已经是作为evidence告知了，因此，考虑correlation between the type of brain damage，是多余的。

这里我纠正一下前面的解释及结论。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-5-4 16:02:51编辑过]

cuishang11

crusoecrusoe太负责了   我都没来得及看你前面的“戏言”~~

“从宏观上看”  这点我还不太明白

是不是可以这样理解 

B换句话说就是过分强调了brain scans和Parkinson’s disease的关系

而C中的“brain damages"和"Parkinson's disease"的因果关系并不是题目中的一个reasoning，而是作为一个客观事实出现的？

cuishang11

以下是引用didiwei在2009-5-4 13:40:00的发言：
我觉得8题选B，9题选C。

8题的C negate之后，就算音乐会的数量减少了，也不能得出乐迷最喜欢买磁带。

谢谢mm的回复 这是这麽久以来  第一次有除了crusoecrusoe大牛以外的热心人回复俺的问题 

第8题  尽管我认为B选项有一定道理  但是C是正确选项是无疑的

  我是这样思考的：

  条件：sales of records soar  同时  Audiences at classical concerts shrink 

  结论：人们prefer records and have no desires to go to concerts

如果按照你的方法对C项取非  则相当于一个他因削弱  解释人们是出于客观concerts减少而不是主观have no desires

所以C是个一定要满足的assumption

关于B和C的比较，还是看看crusoecrusoe的回复，比较有启发 

didiwei

很受益，谢谢楼上两位。

crusoecrusoe

可以这么理解。本题抓的是大的有效逻辑结构。