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Traces of cultivated emmer wheat have been found among the earliest agricultural remains of many archaeological sites in Europe and Asia. The only place where the wild form of emmer wheat has been found growing is a relatively narrow strip of southwest Asia. Since the oldest remains of cultivated emmer wheat yet found are from village sites in the same narrow strip, it is clear that emmer wheat was first domesticated somewhere in that strip.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

正确答案: D

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求教prep 1-21

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楼主
发表于 2009-4-21 15:05:00 | 只看该作者

求教prep 1-21

21.  (28551-!-item-!-188;#058&003690)

 

Traces of cultivated emmer wheat have been found among the earliest agricultural remains of many archaeological sites in Europe and Asia.  The only place where the wild form of emmer wheat has been found growing is a relatively narrow strip of southwest Asia.  Since the oldest remains of cultivated emmer wheat yet found are from village sites in the same narrow strip, it is clear that emmer wheat was first domesticated somewhere in that strip.

 

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

 

(A) The present-day distribution of another wild wheat, einkorn, which was also domesticated early in the development of agriculture, covers a much larger area of southwest Asia.

(B) Modern experiments show that wild emmer wheat can easily be domesticated so as to yield nearly as well as traditionally domestic strains.

(C) At the time when emmer wheat was first cultivated, it was the most nutritious of all the varieties of grain that were then cultivated.

(D) In the region containing the strip where wild emmer wheat has been found, climatic conditions have changed very little since before the development of agriculture.

(E) It is very difficult, without genetic testing, to differentiate the wild form of emmer wheat from a closely related wild wheat that also grows in southwest Asia.

为什么选D,关天气什么事啊?

沙发
发表于 2009-6-30 16:56:00 | 只看该作者
wild emmer wheat: narrow strip
(兩者之間要存在相同條件 )
cultivated emmer:narrow strip >> first domesticated in that strip.

選項要找兩種不同的wheat:wild 跟cultivated 之間的連結。
才可由wild wheat推論cultivated wheat.
D選項:where wild emmer has been found, climate have changed very little;代表兩種情況,其他因素保持一樣,才可從wild 推論cultivated.

這是我的看法,但怎麼覺得有點像assumption題,我ㄧ直分不清這兩種阿。
板凳
发表于 2009-8-14 00:04:00 | 只看该作者

还是没明白~~谁再来给我说说~~大谢~~

地板
发表于 2009-8-14 01:47:00 | 只看该作者

说下我的想法,其实我也是做错以后重新反省,所以如果还是没有理解正确,还请大家批评指正……

C在最古老的农业遗址里发现过。W只长在某一块地上。因为有C的最老的遗迹也在这一块地上,所以C是在这块地上开始被驯化的(即W变成C就在这个地上)。
                

 

抽象一点考虑( 破折号表示有关联,不表示因果推导):

第一句话C——遗址,

第二句话W——地

第三句话遗址——地

第1、3两句:C——遗址——地,

结论是W——C——地。

我就去找同时出现W& C

选项:

A:W的同类怎样。横向错误类比

B:W,C,别的种类。

C:C,别的种类。

D:地,W——C——天气

E:W,别的种类。

不管天气是怎么回事, 它让W和C建立了联系,且非负相关。

5#
发表于 2009-8-14 14:41:00 | 只看该作者

谈点个人理解:

原文结论是,Southwest Asia的某个narrow strip是唯一发现还有生长着emmer wheat的地方,又因为最老的remains of cultivated emmer wheat也是同样在位于那个strip的村庄发现的,所以emmer wheat最早是在那个strip的某处被种植的。

下面来看下面哪个选项最能加强这个结论:

(A) The present-day distribution of another wild wheat, einkorn, which was also domesticated early in the development of agriculture, covers a much larger area of southwest Asia.  无关,结论是关于emmr wheat的

(B) Modern experiments show that wild emmer wheat can easily be domesticated so as to yield nearly as well as traditionally domestic strains.  说emmer wheat可以随便种种,和原文矛盾

(C) At the time when emmer wheat was first cultivated, it was the most nutritious of all the varieties of grain that were then cultivated.  无关

(D) In the region containing the strip where wild emmer wheat has been found, climatic conditions have changed very little since before the development of agriculture.  support结论,因为在发现种植有wild emmer wheat的地方,气候从农业刚开始发展到现在变化都不大,即最早种植emmer wheat到现在都没变化

(E) It is very difficult, without genetic testing, to differentiate the wild form of emmer wheat from a closely related wild wheat that also grows in southwest Asia. 无关

6#
发表于 2013-4-21 15:11:38 | 只看该作者
解释一下大家都不太明白的问题:D 选项如何加强了结论?

首先读懂题干, 说在农业遗迹中发现有种植小麦的痕迹, 而现在仅仅在南亚的一个狭小地带发现了野生小麦, 同时最古老的种植小麦也是在那里种植的,因此种植小麦就是在这个狭小地带被培育出来的。

加强题就是寻找新的evidence,能够加强结论的正确性。

D选项说从农业发展之前到现在气候变化很小,现在野生小麦能生长,如果退回到以前,万一气候条件不同了,种植小麦可能不能生长,结论可能就不正确了。

所以D加强了结论
7#
发表于 2014-3-8 15:57:14 | 只看该作者
up一下    ls的解释很明白
8#
发表于 2017-6-7 10:28:24 | 只看该作者
做错了,反思之后来交流一下。
第一遍做的时候,答案选择很果断,直接是B,原因是B选项说明了这个东西能被非常简单的种植,我认为他加强了原文的逻辑,是因为正因为这些东西能够被简单驯化才会有文章的逻辑链,因为唯一的野生和最古老的驯化品种都在一个地方,所以这个东西就是在这个地方驯化的。
而出题人真正想考察的还是对一段话的核心逻辑链以及其提问的点的把握程度,原文核心逻辑链理解没有问题,题干问的是哪个可以加强?
我可以先试着自己预判一下答案,这是一个因果关系,加强就是强调因的确能导致果(可以是类比其他的最古老的和唯一的有了准确的判断)或者排除他因(没有其他变量的影响)。
B选项非常有干扰性,因为他确实强调了这个果能够产生,但是!他和这个逻辑链没有关系!!
D选项说这个地区从农业开始之前就气候就一直没有变化过,那么这个和逻辑链有什么关系?
This option says climatic conditions have not changed. Because agriculture, cultivation require specific climate condition for each kind of crop, whatever ( wild wheat in this case ) HAS BEEN GROWING COULD HAVE GROWN AT THAT TIME (when cultivated wheat was found ) AT THAT LOCATION as well !
摘录自GMAT,他说了这个选项说明了,气候一直没有变化,所以不管是野生的还是种植的都能活
ok,那么反思一下我应该从这个错题里吸收哪些教训?关注核心逻辑链和选项的提问点,这两者要密切相关,不要答非所问
9#
发表于 2017-7-11 01:17:41 | 只看该作者
LaDuDu 发表于 2017-6-7 10:28
做错了,反思之后来交流一下。
第一遍做的时候,答案选择很果断,直接是B,原因是B选项说明了这个东西能被 ...

B选项可以这样理解,现在发现的野生小麦可能很容易被驯化,不能代表过去的野生小麦也很容易被驯化。比如:气候条件变了,土壤变了等等,都可能影响小麦的驯化条件。因此,B不能够必然起到加强的作用。
10#
发表于 2017-7-23 14:24:00 | 只看该作者
【气候稳定】让 【NS是野生EW生长的only place】这个论证条件更有说服力。

野生EW一直长在那里,而且只长在那里,不会长到别的地方去(会造成被驯化地点改变),气候稳定是一个因素。

【已知】,从来野生EW只在Narrow Strip地带生长,
【并且,再补充一下】,该地区气候变化少,野生EW持续在那里生长不受影响,不会出现有段时间野生EW不长了的情况(这种情况会导致其被驯化的地点改变),
【所以】,EW只可能是从那里驯化。


可见对气候稳定性的说明,让论证更有说服力了。
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