Elaine考完回来，4月10日一战上海，惨啊！（但是还是要给大家JJ的）

望辰莫及

我们是不是一个考场的啊 没关系加油！

wjy_slq

阅读部分：

有一篇是讲美国支持小企业发展的，说了direct 方面要做些什么，indirect方面要做些什么，然后还说到了non-profit Organization 可以从政府那里等到一些好处，比如税收减免等。剩下的我想不起来了，以为做的太差，所以应该已经进入了低分的题库里了，我在回忆回忆，想起来再来更新哦

请问是这篇JJ么

1.        GWD-1-Q35 to Q37企业对于供应商的选择战略

      In corporate purchasing,        在企业采购里，竞争力审查只限于与终端

       competitive scrutiny is typically           产品有直接关联的物品供应商。

       limited to suppliers of items that are

Line       directly related to end products.

  (5)      With “indirect” purchases (such as    对于“非直接”购买（如电脑，广告，法

computers, advertising, and legal      律服务），不与生产直接挂钩，企业常偏

services), which are not directly        好“供应伙伴关系”（购买者放弃寻找替

related to production, corporations     代供应商的权力），这可能使供应商避过

often favor “supplier partnerships”    严格的审查，从而令购买者的经济优势丧

 (10)      (arrangements in which the          失。

purchaser forgoes the right to

pursue alternative suppliers), which

can inappropriately shelter suppliers

from rigorous competitive scrutiny

 (15)      that might afford the purchaser

economic leverage.  There are two    有两个独立变量- 替代品可用性和更换供

independent variables—availability     应商的便利性- 可让公司用来评估是否要

of alternatives and ease of changing    间接采购供应商接受竞争力审查。

suppliers—that companies should

 (20)      use to evaluate the feasibility of

       subjecting suppliers of indirect

       purchases to competitive scrutiny.

This can create four possible            分以下四种情况。

situations.非直接采购以及四种情况

 (25)            In Type 1 situations, there are   1，替代品多，更换容易。可能的话，经

many alternatives and change is        常公开出价效果最好。

relatively easy.  Open pursuit of

alternatives—by frequent com-

petitive bidding, if possible—will

 (30)      likely yield the best results.  In        2，替代品多，更活困难- 如员工福利供

Type 2 situations, where there          应商- 保持检验市场并用检验结果保证

are many alternatives but change       现在的供应商让步是最重要的。

       is difficult—as for providers of

employee health-care benefits—it

 (35)
               is important to continuously test

the market and use the results to

secure concessions from existing

suppliers.  Alternatives provide a       替代品是可靠的对供应商威胁，尽管换

      credible threat to suppliers, even if         供应商的能力有限。

 (40)     the ability to switch is constrained.

In Type 3 situations, there ate few       3，替代品少，更换容易，公司可利用

alternatives, but the ability to switch      威胁与现在的供应商谈判让步。

without difficulty creates a threat that

companies can use to negotiate

 (45)      concessions from existing suppliers.

In Type 4 situations, where there        4，替代品少，更换困难，伙伴关系就

are few alternatives and change         可能不能避免了。

is difficult, partnerships may be

unavoidable.四种情形的分别讨论

结论解释

逻辑简图：

1P: indirect purchase, favor “partnership”. Two variables to evaluate. Four possible situations:

2P: type 1,2,3,4

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q35:

Which of the following best describes the relation of the second paragraph to the first?

             

1. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph.

2. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph.

3. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph.

4. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.

5. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q36:

Which of the following can be inferred about supplier partnerships, as they are described in the passage?

             

1. They cannot be sustained unless the goods or services provided are available from a large number of suppliers.

2. They can result in purchasers paying more for goods and services than they would in a competitive-bidding situation.

Which
        can inappropriately shelter suppliers
        from rigorous competitive scrutiny
        that might afford the purchaser
        economic leverage.

3. They typically are instituted at the urging of the supplier rather than the purchaser.

4. They are not feasible when the goods or services provided are directly related to the purchasers’ end products.

5. They are least appropriate when the purchasers’ ability to change suppliers is limited.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q37:

According to the passage, which of the following factors distinguishes an indirect purchase from other purchases?

 

1. The ability of the purchasing company to subject potential suppliers of the purchased item to competitive scrutiny

2. The number of suppliers of the purchased item available to the purchasing company

3. The methods of negotiation that are available to the purchasing company

4. The relationship of the purchased item to the purchasing company’s end product定位2-3

5. The degree of importance of the purchased item in the purchasing company’s business operations

balabaladou7

真是感谢，大家考完第一件事就是贡献JJ。

MM再战吧，会有好结果的。

sycrwang

谢谢，you will do best!

eveliyi

以下是引用wjy_slq在2009-4-10 22:21:00的发言：

阅读部分：

有一篇是讲美国支持小企业发展的，说了direct 方面要做些什么，indirect方面要做些什么，然后还说到了non-profit Organization 可以从政府那里等到一些好处，比如税收减免等。剩下的我想不起来了，以为做的太差，所以应该已经进入了低分的题库里了，我在回忆回忆，想起来再来更新哦

请问是这篇JJ么

1.        GWD-1-Q35 to Q37企业对于供应商的选择战略

      In corporate purchasing,        在企业采购里，竞争力审查只限于与终端

       competitive scrutiny is typically           产品有直接关联的物品供应商。

       limited to suppliers of items that are

Line       directly related to end products.

  (5)      With “indirect” purchases (such as    对于“非直接”购买（如电脑，广告，法

computers, advertising, and legal      律服务），不与生产直接挂钩，企业常偏

services), which are not directly        好“供应伙伴关系”（购买者放弃寻找替

related to production, corporations     代供应商的权力），这可能使供应商避过

often favor “supplier partnerships”    严格的审查，从而令购买者的经济优势丧

 (10)      (arrangements in which the          失。

purchaser forgoes the right to

pursue alternative suppliers), which

can inappropriately shelter suppliers

from rigorous competitive scrutiny

 (15)      that might afford the purchaser

economic leverage.  There are two    有两个独立变量- 替代品可用性和更换供

independent variables—availability     应商的便利性- 可让公司用来评估是否要

of alternatives and ease of changing    间接采购供应商接受竞争力审查。

suppliers—that companies should

 (20)      use to evaluate the feasibility of

       subjecting suppliers of indirect

       purchases to competitive scrutiny.

This can create four possible            分以下四种情况。

situations.非直接采购以及四种情况

 (25)            In Type 1 situations, there are   1，替代品多，更换容易。可能的话，经

many alternatives and change is        常公开出价效果最好。

relatively easy.  Open pursuit of

alternatives—by frequent com-

petitive bidding, if possible—will

 (30)      likely yield the best results.  In        2，替代品多，更活困难- 如员工福利供

Type 2 situations, where there          应商- 保持检验市场并用检验结果保证

are many alternatives but change       现在的供应商让步是最重要的。

       is difficult—as for providers of

employee health-care benefits—it

 (35)
      is important to continuously test

the market and use the results to

secure concessions from existing

suppliers.  Alternatives provide a       替代品是可靠的对供应商威胁，尽管换

      credible threat to suppliers, even if         供应商的能力有限。

 (40)     the ability to switch is constrained.

In Type 3 situations, there ate few       3，替代品少，更换容易，公司可利用

alternatives, but the ability to switch      威胁与现在的供应商谈判让步。

without difficulty creates a threat that

companies can use to negotiate

 (45)      concessions from existing suppliers.

In Type 4 situations, where there        4，替代品少，更换困难，伙伴关系就

are few alternatives and change         可能不能避免了。

is difficult, partnerships may be

unavoidable.四种情形的分别讨论

结论解释

逻辑简图：

1P: indirect purchase, favor “partnership”. Two variables to evaluate. Four possible situations:

2P: type 1,2,3,4

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q35:

Which of the following best describes the relation of the second paragraph to the first?

             

1. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph.

2. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph.

3. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph.

4. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.

5. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q36:

Which of the following can be inferred about supplier partnerships, as they are described in the passage?

             

1. They cannot be sustained unless the goods or services provided are available from a large number of suppliers.

2. They can result in purchasers paying more for goods and services than they would in a competitive-bidding situation.

Which
  can inappropriately shelter suppliers
  from rigorous competitive scrutiny
  that might afford the purchaser
  economic leverage.

3. They typically are instituted at the urging of the supplier rather than the purchaser.

4. They are not feasible when the goods or services provided are directly related to the purchasers’ end products.

5. They are least appropriate when the purchasers’ ability to change suppliers is limited.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q37:

According to the passage, which of the following factors distinguishes an indirect purchase from other purchases?

1. The ability of the purchasing company to subject potential suppliers of the purchased item to competitive scrutiny

2. The number of suppliers of the purchased item available to the purchasing company

3. The methods of negotiation that are available to the purchasing company

4. The relationship of the purchased item to the purchasing company’s end product定位2-3

5. The degree of importance of the purchased item in the purchasing company’s business operations

应该不是那个阅读，因为没有出现non-profit Organization

snowlemon

雷锋mm，继续加油，下次一定700+

wjy_slq

请JJ作者回复

阅读部分：

有一篇是讲美国支持小企业发展的，说了direct 方面要做些什么，indirect方面要做些什么，然后还说到了non-profit Organization 可以从政府那里等到一些好处，比如税收减免等。剩下的我想不起来了，以为做的太差，所以应该已经进入了低分的题库里了，我在回忆回忆，想起来再来更新哦

请问是这篇JJ么

1.        GWD-1-Q35 to Q37企业对于供应商的选择战略
                

      In corporate purchasing,        在企业采购里，竞争力审查只限于与终端
                

       competitive scrutiny is typically           产品有直接关联的物品供应商。
            

       limited to suppliers of items that are

Line       directly related to end products.

  (5)      With “indirect” purchases (such as    对于“非直接”购买（如电脑，广告，法
            

computers, advertising, and legal      律服务），不与生产直接挂钩，企业常偏
            

services), which are not directly        好“供应伙伴关系”（购买者放弃寻找替
            

related to production, corporations     代供应商的权力），这可能使供应商避过
            

often favor “supplier partnerships”    严格的审查，从而令购买者的经济优势丧
            

 (10)      (arrangements in which the          失。
            

purchaser forgoes the right to

pursue alternative suppliers), which

can inappropriately shelter suppliers

from rigorous competitive scrutiny

 (15)      that might afford the purchaser

economic leverage.  There are two    有两个独立变量- 替代品可用性和更换供
            

independent variables—availability     应商的便利性- 可让公司用来评估是否要
            

of alternatives and ease of changing    间接采购供应商接受竞争力审查。
            

suppliers—that companies should

 (20)      use to evaluate the feasibility of

       subjecting suppliers of indirect

       purchases to competitive scrutiny.

This can create four possible            分以下四种情况。
            

situations.非直接采购以及四种情况
            

 (25)            In Type 1 situations, there are   1，替代品多，更换容易。可能的话，经
            

many alternatives and change is        常公开出价效果最好。
            

relatively easy.  Open pursuit of

alternatives—by frequent com-

petitive bidding, if possible—will

 (30)      likely yield the best results.  In        2，替代品多，更活困难- 如员工福利供
            

Type 2 situations, where there          应商- 保持检验市场并用检验结果保证
            

are many alternatives but change       现在的供应商让步是最重要的。
            

       is difficult—as for providers of

employee health-care benefits—it

 (35)
               is important to continuously test

the market and use the results to

secure concessions from existing

suppliers.  Alternatives provide a       替代品是可靠的对供应商威胁，尽管换
            

      credible threat to suppliers, even if         供应商的能力有限。
            

 (40)     the ability to switch is constrained.

In Type 3 situations, there ate few       3，替代品少，更换容易，公司可利用
            

alternatives, but the ability to switch      威胁与现在的供应商谈判让步。
            

without difficulty creates a threat that

companies can use to negotiate

 (45)      concessions from existing suppliers.

In Type 4 situations, where there        4，替代品少，更换困难，伙伴关系就
            

are few alternatives and change         可能不能避免了。
            

is difficult, partnerships may be

unavoidable.四种情形的分别讨论
            

结论解释
            

逻辑简图：
            

1P: indirect purchase, favor “partnership”. Two variables to evaluate. Four possible situations:

2P: type 1,2,3,4

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q35:
            

Which of the following best describes the relation of the second paragraph to the first?

             

1. The second paragraph offers proof of an assertion made in the first paragraph.

2. The second paragraph provides an explanation for the occurrence of a situation described in the first paragraph.

3. The second paragraph discusses the application of a strategy proposed in the first paragraph.

4. The second paragraph examines the scope of a problem presented in the first paragraph.

5. The second paragraph discusses the contradictions inherent in a relationship described in the first paragraph.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q36:

Which of the following can be inferred about supplier partnerships, as they are described in the passage?

             

1. They cannot be sustained unless the goods or services provided are available from a large number of suppliers.

2. They can result in purchasers paying more for goods and services than they would in a competitive-bidding situation.

Which
        can inappropriately shelter suppliers
        from rigorous competitive scrutiny
        that might afford the purchaser
        economic leverage.

3. They typically are instituted at the urging of the supplier rather than the purchaser.

4. They are not feasible when the goods or services provided are directly related to the purchasers’ end products.

5. They are least appropriate when the purchasers’ ability to change suppliers is limited.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWD-1-Q37:

According to the passage, which of the following factors distinguishes an indirect purchase from other purchases?

 

 

1. The ability of the purchasing company to subject potential suppliers of the purchased item to competitive scrutiny

2. The number of suppliers of the purchased item available to the purchasing company

3. The methods of negotiation that are available to the purchasing company

4. The relationship of the purchased item to the purchasing company’s end product定位2-3
                       

5. The degree of importance of the purchased item in the purchasing company’s business operations