各位大侠来讨论如何攻克代词问题

snow_mountain

关于上面两题，同意楼上看法。



我的总结是：就用代词还是有重复原来名词的问题。代词的指代问题会受到很多情况的影响，如平行原则，就近原则，从句主语优先指代主句主语原则。不能说代词用法受哪一个单一原则影响。


比如上面power station 的例子。我的看法是：power station 可以不用补出。因为受平行原则的影响。看一个OG的例子：

OG-248 By offering lower prices and a menu of personal communications options, such as caller identification and voice mail, the new telecommunications company has not only captured customers from other phone companies but also forced them to offer competitive prices.

(B)         has not only captured customers from other phone companies, but it also     forced them    

(C)         has not only captured customers from other phone companies but also forced these companies        

    

不讨论B中but it also 的问题。 OG中提到C中them 的指代问题。认为指代不明。因为前面有from other phone companies, 这个them好像可以指代other companies, 但是ETS不这么认为！个人认为是这条题目平行原则起了更重要的作用。not only capture the    customers.......... but also force them...... 这里优先指代customers. 这就解释了21题中为什么可以不用重复power station 的原因。

    

关于重复原有名词，我认为本身并没有什么错误，即使是没有指代不明的情况下重复。比如：horns 的那题，主要是因为表示目的一定要用to do, 把visit 和see 并列起来，歪曲了愿意。

    

    

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-2-21 11:08:35编辑过]

ecsniffer

同意bryony的平行原则和从句主语优先指代主句主语原则！


bryony，就近原则能不能举个例子来看看~~~

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-2-21 14:48:47编辑过]

ecsniffer

刚刚用longman查supersede的意思，发现这个解释中的代词指代真是符合“从句主语优先指代主句主语原则”，赫赫


if a new idea, product, or method supersedes another one, it becomes used instead because it is more modern or effective

snow_mountain

其实就近原则的情况应该还是挺多的。不过有一个例子比较极端，个人认为是就近原则起了一定的作用。

12. The Olympic Games helped to keep peace among the pugnacious states of the Greek world in that a sacred truce was proclaimed during the festival’s month.fficeffice" />

(A) world in that a sacred truce was proclaimed during the festival’s month        

(B) world, proclaiming a sacred truce during the festival’s month        

(C) world when they proclaimed a sacred truce for the festival month            

(D) world, for a sacred truce was proclaimed during the month of the festival

(E) world by proclamation of a sacred truce that was for the month of the festival     wordy.

    

the key is C. 但是"they" 前面有两个复数Olympic Games and pugnacious states。如果根据从句优先代主句主语的原则，they 好像应该代Olympic Games, 可是意思上又说不通，因为games 不能proclaim.

    

我一直在想，为什么这条题目中，优先原则不起作用了？个人认为可能是就近原则compete with it. 一般来讲，从句放在主句前面还是后面并不是很重要。可是本题不行，只能放在后面。

    

When they proclaimed a sacred truce for the festival month，the Olympic Games helped to keep peace among the pugnacious states of the Greek world. 这个句子就有问题了，they 不受任何其他名词影响，只能代the olympic games.

    

    

这可能就是代词难的地方，受多条原则影响，而且你很难说那条原则优先于那条原则。

    

其实就这条题目，我对C中的when 是怎么看也不顺眼。when 表示的是一种时间上的关系。感觉本题表达的是一种因果关系。因为这些states 在此期间proclaim sacred truce, 所以奥运会才起到了某种作用。（当.....， 奥运会起到了某种作用，感觉就是不爽。）

    

    


    

mariezhu

此处有个关于代词的总结：ETS允许同一代词的主格和物主形式指代不同的对象(its it)             这个句子里，it指代eye，its指代infrared radiation's
不过dreadpowerGG要注意这里其实是用semicolon分割的两个单独的句子噢。



总结：我做题目的时候，就是默认无指代错误，或者说所有代词按逻辑意思指代，看有无其他不同，发现几乎所有题目都不可能只考代词歧义！！深层次考虑，假设ETS只考代词歧义，那么肯定是说不清正确答案的，因为本来就是歧义，怎么能考呢？



我选择的时候通常看到代词就无比警惕，先将其列为重点监控检查对象，通常能立马删除几个干扰选项，然后再用其它答题点最终确认答案

mariezhu

关于CZ的这一题：


有关第一题：
The rules that govern political contributions are less stringent in local elections than they are in national elections because they typically involve smaller amounts of money and present less opportunity for abuse.


第二个 they 在逻辑上是 local elections, 在语法上是 rules. [/face]


事实上这是某一题的错误答案，该题正确的选项是E：

The rules that govern political contributions are less stringent in local elections than they are in national elections because local elections typically involve smaller amounts of money and present less opportunity for abuse。这样就解决了cz的问题

zsy020584

你的分析非常的正确，ETS给出的关于奥利匹克那题答案是D。 确实是因果关系，你的分析太透彻了！