请教OG-103题

徵徵

1. First you need to understand the argument and its reasoning. Assumption is to fill the "gap" between premises and conclusions. So the meaning of the assumption must be relevant to the argument. To test assumption, use negative and see if original argument still holds or not.

A. Irrelevant. The argument is not about whether the market can expand or not. And cheap and high-performance are not mentioned. Use A negative you can see original argument does not change.
B. Irrelevant. It does not fit in the argument at all.
C. Right. The gap in the original argument is that the premises said that innovation is driven by racers and conclusion is that innovation is limited to just a certain type. There is a gap between "racer" and certain innovations. Let me use an analogy:

Computer software sales are driven by teens. So software development is limited to games. The gap is between teens and game. The argument by default associate one with the other, in another word, by assumption.

C is just the statement of the association.
D. Irrelevant. It is a whle new statement, which is not substantiated by the original argument.
E. If you truly understand the meaning of E, you would not pick it. Another irrelevant choice

来自总教头的解释还是经典啊！

yangsh

我想尝试解释一下，希望大家指点是否正确

题干：自行车制造在技术上倾向于保守是因为制造商要满足这类需求[需求决定产品特性]。而只有竞赛选手对创新感兴趣并愿意花钱买创新。因为当局认可竞赛的标准的局限，创新发展不足[言外之意，当局认可标准外的范围的创新是没有需求驱动的，因此也就会出现不足或者保守]

答案：在官方认可的范围外（如一般用途的自行车范围）的创新需求，专业赛手并没有构成驱动力。因此导致其他范围的自行车创新落后。

不知道上述理解是否准确，请NN们执教。

我爱欧洲

以下是引用mindfree在2003-5-9 1:03:00的发言：
原文的意思:
自行车在技术革新上的保守体现了其制造商所针对的需求. 骑自行车的人中, 只有赛车手才对技术革新感兴趣并愿意pay for it. 因此,自行车技术上的革新仅限于那些权威(指racer)所接受的可以用于比赛的标准.

accept as: His new speech was accepted as the milestone for human liberty.

B是标准类型的ETS答案. 原文说: 因为是racer推动了innovation,所以革新只是用于比赛. 这里的假设就是racer所要的innovation只和race有关. 取非原文结论不成立.

这题mindfree绝对错了，应该选C！红字的翻译应为：革新被权威接受用于自行车竞赛的标准所限制。

其中anthority不是racer。因为权威对有些创新不承认，所以革新受限。这之间的GAP是racer对不承认的创新不感兴趣，也就没有市场需求，所以革新受限。

大家看看神仙是否错了吧。

我爱欧洲

刚才看到mindfree在另一篇帖子里的解释，选的是C啊。难道上面他写错地方了？

顺便说说E，权威们不知道关于创新设计的事，那就不会承认创新。但由于那些不被承认的创新是否有市场不能确定，所以是否被限制不知道。我这样理解不知是否正确。

erer

感谢LAWYER的题型分类版本. 我刚做第一类的ASSUMPTION逻辑题. 发觉难题都涉及到充分和必要条件. 而正确答案都是将其取非后判断即可否定结论. 因此有一个投机的方法,也许大家都已经发现了.就是在选项中首先看有否定词的选项. 十之八九是正确选项. 比如这道题, A和C都有NOT,A一看就是无关选项.那正确答案就是C拉. 比如OG-48题,OG-80题皆是如此.

erer

自行车在技术革新上的保守体现了其制造商所针对的需求. 骑自行车的人中, 只有赛车手才对技术革新感兴趣并愿意pay for it. (假设条件C: 因为,自行车手对于创新技术的需求不会超过权威对于比赛标准所认知的范围以外) 所以,自行车的技术革新受限于权威在自行车比赛中的标准.

上面的投机方法好像也由逻辑错误,属于不完全归纳.所以又认真做了一遍.^_^

oceanalma

还是觉得weiwei的解释明白！！

hitlzc

以下是引用徵徵在2005-3-31 17:59:00的发言：

1. First you need to understand the argument and its reasoning. Assumption is to fill the "gap" between premises and conclusions. So the meaning of the assumption must be relevant to the argument. To test assumption, use negative and see if original argument still holds or not.

A. Irrelevant. The argument is not about whether the market can expand or not. And cheap and high-performance are not mentioned. Use A negative you can see original argument does not change.
B. Irrelevant. It does not fit in the argument at all.
C. Right. The gap in the original argument is that the premises said that innovation is driven by racers and conclusion is that innovation is limited to just a certain type. There is a gap between "racer" and certain innovations. Let me use an analogy:

Computer software sales are driven by teens. So software development is limited to games. The gap is between teens and game. The argument by default associate one with the other, in another word, by assumption.

C is just the statement of the association.
D. Irrelevant. It is a whle new statement, which is not substantiated by the original argument.
E. If you truly understand the meaning of E, you would not pick it. Another irrelevant choice

来自总教头的解释还是经典啊！

cw_chan

(C) Bicycle racers do not generate a strong demand for innovations that fall outside what is officially recognized as standard for purposes of competition.

为啥用outside ?

new1218

fall outside 意思是超过，超出