问几道语法题

amberzhu

都是新东方蓝皮书上的

18. The record of the past is always incomplete, and the historian who writes about it inevitably reflects the preoccupations of their own time.
(A) the historian who writes about it inevitably reflects
(B) the historian writing about it will inevitably reflect
(C) a historian writing about it inevitably reflects
(D) writing about it, it is inevitable for historians to reflect
(E) historians in writing about it inevitable reflect

能够理解ABC是错误的，为什么不能够选D，是因为那两个it吗？

According to some analysts, whatever its merits, the proposal to tax away all capital gains on short-term investments would, if enacted, have a disastrous effect on Wall Street trading and employment.
(A) its merits, the proposal to tax
(B) its merits may be, the proposal of taxing
(C) its merits as a proposal, taxing
(D) the proposal's merits, to tax
(E) the proposal's merits are, taxing

答案是E，我选的是A，后面不是说if enacted，那么岂不是前面要搭配主语the proposal。那么为什么是E呢？

For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
A. each a roof of poles and arrowweed
B. each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
C. with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
D. with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be
E. with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are
答案是A。在A与D中挣扎，不知道要考的是什么考点

Most of the purported health benefits of tea comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C that inhibit the formation of plaque along the body’s blood vessels.
A. comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C that
B. comes from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they
C. come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and
D. come from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C and that
E. come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they
我觉得答案应该是E，可是为什么是D呢？


Last spring a Colorado health department survey of 72 playgrounds in private child-care centers found unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them and they ranged from splinters to equipment near collapse.
(A) unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them and they ranged
(B) conditions in 95 percent were unsafe and ranging
(C) the ranging of unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them to be
(D) that 95 percent had unsafe conditions ranging
(E) that 95 percent of them had conditions that were unsafe; the range was
我选的是E，是有点不太简洁，但是正确答案D中95 percent 后面不应该加上of them吗？否则很不清楚啊

谢谢大侠们了

yangkan1015

D的writing about it的主语是谁呢?后面的主语是it...

have a effect复数...

yuminjia

以下是引用amberzhu在2009-1-20 15:04:00的发言：

都是新东方蓝皮书上的

18. The record of the past is always incomplete, and the historian who writes about it inevitably reflects the preoccupations of their own time.
(A) the historian who writes about it inevitably reflects
(B) the historian writing about it will inevitably reflect
(C) a historian writing about it inevitably reflects
(D) writing about it, it is inevitable for historians to reflect
(E) historians in writing about it inevitable reflect

能够理解ABC是错误的，为什么不能够选D，是因为那两个it吗？

，and后面应该是句子 D and后面的结构不对 writing about it的主语应该是historians 但是后面it（逻辑主语）的真正主语是to do不定式，所以不对

According to some analysts, whatever its merits, the proposal to tax away all capital gains on short-term investments would, if enacted, have a disastrous effect on Wall Street trading and employment.
(A) its merits, the proposal to tax
(B) its merits may be, the proposal of taxing
(C) its merits as a proposal, taxing
(D) the proposal's merits, to tax
(E) the proposal's merits are, taxing

答案是E，我选的是A，后面不是说if enacted，那么岂不是前面要搭配主语the proposal。那么为什么是E呢？

句子谓语动词是have 所以主语不是the proposal

For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
A. each a roof of poles and arrowweed
B. each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
C. with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
D. with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be
E. with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are
答案是A。在A与D中挣扎，不知道要考的是什么考点

D中的to be多余 应该先考虑each这种结构的独立主格形式尊重原文的意思

Most of the purported health benefits of tea comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C that inhibit the formation of plaque along the body’s blood vessels.
A. comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C that
B. comes from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they
C. come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and
D. come from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C and that
E. come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they
我觉得答案应该是E，可是为什么是D呢？

E中的they指代不清 D的结构是compounds that 。。and that 。。第2个that指代就没有歧义了



Last spring a Colorado health department survey of 72 playgrounds in private child-care centers found unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them and they ranged from splinters to equipment near collapse.
(A) unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them and they ranged
(B) conditions in 95 percent were unsafe and ranging
(C) the ranging of unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them to be
(D) that 95 percent had unsafe conditions ranging
(E) that 95 percent of them had conditions that were unsafe; the range was
我选的是E，是有点不太简洁，但是正确答案D中95 percent 后面不应该加上of them吗？否则很不清楚啊

E中 ; the range was。。是个句子，错误；前面conditions that were unsafe又不简洁

谢谢大侠们了

alohabrian

For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
A. each a roof of poles and arrowweed
B. each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
C. with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
D. with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be
E. with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are

这个题其实有问题，我搜了搜老外的gmat论坛，也没个说法。

因为选A就是说each(dwelling) is a roof of poles and arrowweed.

但是dwelling 不可能是roof.
说dwelling with roof 才说的通，但official answer 是A

alohabrian

Most of the purported health benefits of
tea comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene,
vitamin E, and vitamin C that inhibit the formation of plaque along the
body’s blood vessels.
A. comes from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C that
B. comes from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they
C. come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and
D. come from antioxidants—compounds that are also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C and that
E. come from antioxidants—compounds also found in beta carotene, vitamin E, and vitamin C, and they

这里的E不好，因为从形式上看，they有可能指benefits, 但从句子意思理解是不可能的。这样就产生了形式和意义上的不一致。选D就是that....+that....双定语从句用来修饰componds.避免了这个问题。

alohabrian

Last spring a Colorado health department survey of 72 playgrounds in private child-care centers found unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them and they ranged from splinters to equipment near collapse.
(A) unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them and they ranged
(B) conditions in 95 percent were unsafe and ranging
(C) the ranging of unsafe conditions in 95 percent of them to be
(D) that 95 percent had unsafe conditions ranging
(E) that 95 percent of them had conditions that were unsafe; the range was

恩，这个题我也选错过。95percent 就当成是95 percent (of the centers)的省略。

range只有做动词才能说 range from 。。。to.... ,做名词 the range is from... to... is not an idiomatic construction

alohabrian

According to some analysts, whatever its merits, the proposal to tax
away all capital gains on short-term investments would, if enacted,
have a disastrous effect on Wall Street trading and employment.
(A) its merits, the proposal to tax
(B) its merits may be, the proposal of taxing
(C) its merits as a proposal, taxing
(D) the proposal's merits, to tax
(E) the proposal's merits are, taxing

Whatever 之后+完整的主谓结构，whatver引导让步状语 + 系动词/行为动词+名词，也就是要完整主谓结构。

这里的have和主语不需要一致，因为have之前有would, 所以用了原型.

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-1-20 21:57:43编辑过]