请教：大全-19-6，大全-19-12

summerlotus

6  Damaged nerves in the spinal cord do not regenerate themselves naturally, nor even under the spur of nerve-growth stimulants. The reason, recently discovered, is the presence of nerve-growth inhibitors in the spinal cord. Antibodies that deactivate those inhibitors have now been developed. Clearly, then, nerve repair will be a standard medical procedure in the foreseeable future.
Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the accuracy of the prediction above?
(A) Prevention of the regeneration of damaged nerves is merely a by-product of the main function in the human body of the substances inhibiting nerve growth.
(B) Certain nerve-growth stimulants have similar chemical structures to those of the antibodies against nerve-growth inhibitors.
(C) Nerves in the brain are similar to nerves in the spinal cord in their inability to regenerate themselves naturally.
(D) Researchers have been able to stimulate the growth of nerves not located in the spinal cord by using only nerve-growth stimulants.
(E) Deactivating the substances inhibiting nerve growth for an extended period would require a steady supply of antibodies.

选A,为什么呢？解释一下好嘛？



12 A public-service advertisement advises that people who have consumed alcohol should not drive until they can do so safely. In a hospital study, however, subjects questioned immediately after they consumed alcohol underestimated the time necessary to regain their driving ability. This result indicates that many people who drink before driving will have difficulty following the advertisement’s advice.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument above?
(A) Many people, if they plan to drink alcohol, make arrangements beforehand for a nondrinker to drive them home.
(B) The subjects in the hospital study generally rated their abilities more conservatively than would people drinking alcohol outside a hospital setting.
(C) Some people refrain from drinking if they will have to drive to get home afterward.
(D) The subjects in the hospital study were also questioned about the time necessary to regain abilities that do not play an important role in driving safely.
(E) Awareness of the public-service advertisement is higher among the general population than it was among the subjects in the hospital study.

这道题是说虽然司机觉得自己已经没事了，但是发现其实他们 低估了自己能力恢复的时间，就是说其实要花更多的时间，是这样嘛？可我觉得和答案的关系不大啊。答案B

summerlotus

大家帮忙啊，别不理我啊

jediming

6. Damaged nerves do not regenerate because of inhibitors
Antibodies deactivate inhibitors
==>   nerve repair will be a standard medical procedure

这个推理存在明显跳跃,它的assumption是the antibodies could be standard(比如没有什么side-effect对身体造成严重危害等等)；还有deactivating inhibitors will not effect something else (which could be essentail to the body).

A指出prevent nerve growth只是inhibitor的by-product,换言之如果deactivate了inhibitor，就deactive its main function(which could be essential to the body)

12. 文章的推论：time(driver estimate in hospital) < time (necessary) ==>广告无效

B说driver rated their abilities more conservatively ,因而  
    time(driver estimate in real condition) < time(driver estimate in hospital) < time (necessary)，所以加强了上面的推论

番茄炒蛋

第一题，给一个比较有趣的解释
按照选项a说的 a by-product of the main function in the human body of the substances inhibiting nerve growth
如果有药能够把这个抑止神经的咚咚给杀了，那么出来受损的神经会长出来以外，我们身上所有的神经都会乱长了，到时候我们就不光是要剪头发，还要每个月去剪神经了，呵呵，恐怖啊

第二题，答案中只是说明了一个问题，既医院数据统计的有效性，只有这个选现才能说明医院里统计的数字和实际的数字是相近的，而只有这样，才能让原文更有根据

深海的小美人鱼

炒蛋说得第二题，我认为不太正确。
这里是说在医院里的调查的人比较保守地估计了自己酒后驾驶的 能力，而这个估计已经比正常的要高了，那么那些那些没有接受调查的人岂不是更高估计自己的酒后驾驶能力？所以，可以支持结论。This result indicates that many people who drink before driving will have difficulty following the advertisement’s advice

番茄炒蛋

呵呵，我就是在后面多加了一句话，有歧义了。让小鱼给抓住了。
b就是做了一个让步条件，言下之意，这个让步之后的条件都可以，那么原文里的数据可靠性就更没问题了
同意小鱼的意见，呵呵，虽然我们说的是一件事情

echo_bsc

第一题中A讲：阻止被损神经重生只是在抑制物质在抑制神经增长的过程中的副作用，言外之意deactive了抑制物也不一定能够恢复重生/修复，这样就反驳了nerve    repair    is feasible


    

透明萝卜

subjects受实验者 questioned immediately after they consumed alcohol underestimated the time necessary to regain their driving ability  

怎么翻译呢？

一起加油的夥伴

subjects受实验者 (questioned immediately after they consumed alcohol) underestimated the time necessary to regain their driving ability  

這樣應該比較容易翻了,

karenshang

我觉得19-12的B选项不大好理解,为什么subjects in the hospital study会比people drinking alcohol outside a hospital setting保守? outside a hospital setting是什么意思?

[此贴子已经被作者于2006-10-1 12:27:45编辑过]