OG107

jackychew

基本上都看懂了。就一点儿还不太明白：og解释中的thus, the singular verbs exists (in B and C) and is (in D) are wrong. 根据or所接谓语的单复就近原则，D的is为什么错了？

谢谢。

mmmzzz

楼上的问题提的好，顶！

NN快来回答！！

薰衣紫草

Also, since water and services are being discussed as a pair, they should logically be treated as a compound subject requiring a plural verb; thus, the singular verbs exists (in B and C) and is (in D) are wrong.

小女公子

以下是引用jackychew在2005-4-16 21:57:00的发言：

基本上都看懂了。就一点儿还不太明白：og解释中的thus, the singular verbs exists (in B and C) and is (in D) are wrong. 根据or所接谓语的单复就近原则，D的is为什么错了？

谢谢。了

  

There be 就近

Either or 就近

As well as 就远

这里discussed as a pair，不管就近还是就远，反正就过来就是就着复数了。所以谓语也是复数了

rakesun

怎么我看薄冰的语法书，从来没有说there be是就近啊，只是说BE要跟后面的主语一致啊。这里如果把a or b看成一个整体做主语的话，用复数很正常啊。呵呵

welkin

以下是引用薰衣紫草在2005-4-14 12:42:00的发言：

1. there be并非就近修饰.  little water and a few services中间如果用了and就要用复数谓语动词. or/either...or.../neither...nor...这些才是就近修饰.

2. 原句的意思是要表达few, little(有否定意义的词), 不要轻易改变原文的意思, 即改成a few或者a little, 这样就变成肯定了.

3. 只有否定句才用or, 而不是and. 只有含有否定词, 即no, not 才是否定句. 注意, 不是"有否定意义的词". 虽然这句句子里有few, little, 也不是否定句, 所以用and.

or只用在否定句，好像和楼上的例子有冲突哦，到底谁对呢？请指点

there is a little water or a few services
there is a little water as well as a few services
there are a little water and a few services

I as well as you am doing somethings right.
You, as well as I, are doing somethings right.
You or I am doing somethings right.

薰衣紫草

否定句或选择用or.

32. Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily dam­aged in the earthquake last year were constructed in violation of the city's building code.

(A)  Some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year were

(B)   Some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been

(C)  Some buildings that the earthquake destroyed and heavily damaged last year have been

(D)  Last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been (B)

(E)   Last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-3 7:24:12编辑过]

ring_cheng

但对于这个A or B的谓语形式还是耿耿于怀，印象中OR是两者择一的范畴（而不象是a pair），那么谓语动词也应该是择一而终。但似乎ETS颠覆了这一说法，认为A/B不论是一致的还是对立的东东，只要用or/and连接，都拿来当作a pair使，而谓语也都改作了复数，所以D中的is被认作是错误的。sigh...有谁能再指点一下：为什么用or连接也成为a pair谓语用复数？

107. Downzoning, zoning that typically results in the reduction of housing density, allows for more open space in areas where little water or services exist.

(A) little water or services exist

(B)  little water or services exists

(C) few services and little water exists

(D) there is little water or services available

(E)  there are few services and little available water

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-3 16:04:32编辑过]

薰衣紫草

Also, since water and services are being discussed as a pair, they should logically be treated as a compound subject requiring a plural verb; thus, the singular verbs exists (in B and C) and is (in D) are wrong.

I interpret the explanation in this way: OG desn't say because of "or", the sigular verb is wrong.The fact that the singular verbs exists and is are wrong is caused by illogically treating water and serves as sperate subjects instead of a compound subject.

ring_cheng

good explanation! thanks!

我想这里说的是不是：两样东西都没有（既没水，又没服务），而不仅仅指缺乏其中一样，因此是a pair的概念。因此无论是正常语序或是there be倒装语序，都要用复数谓语。如果只是表达缺乏其中一样（用单数谓语），即是错误（好像这里跟倒装没多大关系）。