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In the seventeenth-century Florentine textile industry, women were employed primarily in low-paying, low-skill jobs. To explain this segregation of labor by gender, economists have relied on the useful theory of human capital (human capital: n. 人力资本). According to this theory, investment in human capital—the acquisition of difficult job-related skills—generally benefits individuals by making them eligible to engage in well-paid occupations. Women’s role as child bearers, however, results in interruptions in their participation in the job market (as compared with (as compared with: adv.与...比较) men’s) and thus reduces their opportunities to acquire training for highly skilled work. In addition, the human capital theory explains why there was a high concentration of women workers in certain low-skill jobs, such as weaving, but not in others, such as combing or carding, by positing that because of their primary responsibility in child rearing women took occupations that could be carried out in the home.用human capital理论解释 There were, however, differences in pay scales that cannot be explained by the human capital theory. For example, male construction workers were paid significantly higher wage than female taffeta weavers. The wage difference between these two low-skill occupations stems from the segregation of labor by gender: because a limited number of occupations were open to women, there was a large supply of workers in their fields, and this “overcrowding” resulted in women receiving lower wages and men receiving higher wages. Hc理论无法解释，用gender理论解释
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Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the explanation provided by the human capital theory for women’s concentration in certain occupations in seventeenth-century Florence? (A) Women were unlikely to work outside the home even in occupations whose house were flexible enough to allow women to accommodate domestic tasks as well as paid labor. (B) Parents were less likely to teach occupational skills to their daughters than they were to their sons. (C) Women’s participation in the Florentine paid labor force grew steadily throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. (D) The vast majority of female weavers in the Florentine wool industry had children.（A） (E) Few women worked as weavers in the Florentine silk industry, which was devoted to making cloths that required a high degree of skill to produce. This question asks you to consider the effect that certain additional information would have on the
strength of an explanation provided in the passage. The correct answer choice will be the one that would, if true, most weaken the explanation. · Choice A is the best answer. The human capital theory explanation posits that women were more likely to take jobs that could be done at home because that allowed the women also to attend to domestic child-rearing duties. If women had been unlikely to work outside the home even in jobs with hours flexible enough to accommodate domestic work as well, then the need to attend to domestic tasks would not appear to be a sufficient explanation for the high concentrations of women who opted to work at home.
问题是： 偶也选的A，排除法选的，但是不太明白， OG的解释偶看了如下，人力资本理论解释假定女人更可能接受在家做的工作,因为那样允许女人也能照料家里的小孩养育责任.，如果女人不可能在外面工作，即使工作时间是足够弹性也能让在家工作，那么需要参与家务将不会是对高度集中的女人选择在家一个充分的解释， 偶没有看懂这个，为啥这样就能削弱了？？ | 
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发表于 2008-10-11 21:15:00
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