请教两个GWD

quincysu

Guidebook writer:  I have visited hotels throughout the country and have noticed that in those built before 1930 the quality of the original carpentry work is generally superior to that in hotels built afterward.  Clearly carpenters working on hotels before 1930 typically worked with more skill, care, and effort than carpenters who have worked on hotels built subsequently.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the guidebook writer’s argument?

 

A.       The quality of original carpentry in hotels is generally far superior to the quality of original carpentry in other structures, such as houses and stores.

B.       Hotels built since 1930 can generally accommodate more guests than those built before 1930.

C.      The materials available to carpenters working before 1930 were not significantly different in quality from the materials available to carpenters working after 1930.

D.      The better the quality of original carpentry in a building, the less likely that building is to fall into disuse and be demolished.

E.       The average length of apprenticeship for carpenters has declined significantly since 1930.
        

Studies in restaurants show that the tips left by customers who pay their bill in cash tend to be larger when the bill is presented on a tray that bears a credit-card logo.  Consumer psychologists hypothesize that simply seeing a credit-card logo makes many credit-card holders willing to spend more because it reminds them that their spending power exceeds the cash they have immediately available.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the psychologists’ interpretation of the studies?

A.       The effect noted in the studies is not limited to patrons who have credit cards.

B.       Patrons who are under financial pressure from their credit-card obligations tend to tip less when presented with a restaurant bill on a tray with credit-card logo than when the tray has no logo.

C.      In virtually all of the cases in the studies, the patrons who paid bills in cash did not possess credit cards.

D.      In general, restaurant patrons who pay their bills in cash leave larger tips than do those who pay by credit card.

E.       The percentage of restaurant bills paid with given brand of credit card increases when that credit card’s logo is displayed on the tray with which the bill is prepared.

怎么理解呢？