请教两道争论激烈的GWD逻辑题

rearn

GWD-8-Q19: GWD-2-12  Fill

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

Concerned about financial well-being of its elderly citizens, the government of Runagia decided two years ago to increase by 20 percent the government-provided pension paid to all Runagians over 65.  Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible, and the increase has been duly received by all eligible Runagians.  Nevertheless, many of them are no better off financially than they were before the increase, in large part because ________.

A.     They rely entirely on the government pension for their income

B.     Runagian banks are so inefficient that it can take up to three weeks to cash a pension check

C.     They buy goods whose prices tend to rise especially fast in times of inflation

D.     The pension was increased when the number of elderly Runagians below the poverty level reached an all-time high

E.     In Runagia children typically supplement the income of elderly parents, but only by enough to provide them with a comfortable living

 有人说E 对：This evidence means that because children usually supplement the income of elderly, if the pension for elder increase they will receive fewer from the children, therefore, the overall comfort of living is unchanged as the conclusion of the passage. 

但是我选了D， 因为如果增加的20% 是拨款资金总数而非每位老人的pension 的话，似乎D更有说服力和相关性

清各位指教

GWD-8-Q14: GWD-2-11   assumption

Many people suffer an allergic reaction to certain sulfites, including those that are commonly added to wine as preservatives.  However, since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A.     These wine makers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites by means that do not involve adding any potentially allergenic substances to their wine.

B.     Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reactions.

C.     Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.

D.     Apart from sulfites, there are no substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an allergic reaction.

E.     Sulfites are not naturally present in the wines produced by these wine makers in amounts large enough to produce an allergic reaction in someone who drinks these wines.

   Answer:

---

 有人说E 对：Without this assumption, people who are allergic by sulfites still can not drink this wine because the naturally presented sulfites in wines are enough to make people allergic.

但是请问A呢？

请各位指教！：）谢谢

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-8-13 17:10:20编辑过]

hhelain

我觉得这个题的conclusion重点在“people who  are allergic to sulfites”喝了这种特制的酒不会产生对sulfites的过敏，所以assumption应肯定这种酒里面不含 会引起过敏的sulfites，即除了排除人工添加的sulfites之外，排除wine里天然包含sulfites的可能。

A选项除了和文章conclusion重点不一致，还有我觉得可以这样考虑，文章只说了sulfites are commonly added to wine as preservatives，但并没有说sulfites是唯一一种preservatives,所以wine maker并不一定需要have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites ，或许可以通过add sulfites之外的东西来达到同样的目的。

knowcking

以下是引用rearn在2008-8-13 17:10:00的发言：

GWD-8-Q19: GWD-2-12  Fill

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

Concerned about financial well-being of its elderly citizens, the government of Runagia decided two years ago to increase by 20 percent the government-provided pension paid to all Runagians over 65.  Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible, and the increase has been duly received by all eligible Runagians.  Nevertheless, many of them are no better off financially than they were before the increase, in large part because ________.

A.     They rely entirely on the government pension for their income

B.     Runagian banks are so inefficient that it can take up to three weeks to cash a pension check

C.     They buy goods whose prices tend to rise especially fast in times of inflation

D.     The pension was increased when the number of elderly Runagians below the poverty level reached an all-time high

E.     In Runagia children typically supplement the income of elderly parents, but only by enough to provide them with a comfortable living

 有人说E 对：This evidence means that because children usually supplement the income of elderly, if the pension for elder increase they will receive fewer from the children, therefore, the overall comfort of living is unchanged as the conclusion of the passage. 

但是我选了D， 因为如果增加的20% 是拨款资金总数而非每位老人的pension 的话，似乎D更有说服力和相关性

清各位指教

D选项说the number of elderly Runagians below the poverty level 这部分人数增加，题目说pension给所有的超过65岁的人。所以D里面范围有问题elderly Runagians 并没有定性为65以上，可能是65一下的人也可以算做elderly，另外below the poverty level 和题目无关，题目是给所有的》65的老人。

GWD-8-Q14: GWD-2-11   assumption

Many people suffer an allergic reaction to certain sulfites, including those that are commonly added to wine as preservatives.  However, since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A.     These wine makers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites by means that do not involve adding any potentially allergenic substances to their wine.

B.     Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reactions.

C.     Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.

D.     Apart from sulfites, there are no substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an allergic reaction.

E.     Sulfites are not naturally present in the wines produced by these wine makers in amounts large enough to produce an allergic reaction in someone who drinks these wines.

   Answer:

---

 有人说E 对：Without this assumption, people who are allergic by sulfites still can not drink this wine because the naturally presented sulfites in wines are enough to make people allergic.

但是请问A呢？

A 说这些maker可以用其他方法代替防腐剂加到酒里，那又如何，谁规定了酒里面必须要加防腐剂的？不加又怎么样。即使我们退一步，他们能做到，但不一定就要去做呀。

题目只是讨论喜欢喝酒的人喝那些不加防腐剂的酒就不会allergic。问assumption，已经确定了不加防腐剂，A明显无关

请各位指教！：）谢谢

victoriax

GWD-8-Q19:

注意E选项中的typically一词，在这里可以理解为"most of the children supplement"。即：即使政府增加了补贴，也还是在一个很低的水平线上。老人的生活取决于实际收入的总量，该总量只能够维持老人基本生活水平。

而由题：总量=老人自己收入+政府补贴+儿女补贴，政府补贴上升—〉儿女补贴下降，二者的升降可能彼此消除，导致老人收入总量没有实际变化—〉老人生活水平没有变化。

E里的typically实在是太GMAT的一个说法了~

D选项的话，还是有些模糊。正如你自己所说，“如果”20%是总量增长，才能选。“如果”是个体增长，就无关了。

rearn

谢谢各位，小弟已经非常清晰！

大家加油！：）