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Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

Appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix) is potentially fatal; consequently, patients with symptoms strongly suggesting appendicitis almost always have their appendix removed. The appropriate surgery is low-risk but performed unnecessarily in about 20 percent of all cases. A newly developed internal scan for appendicitis is highly accurate, producing two misdiagnoses for every 98 correct diagnoses. Clearly, using this test, doctors can largely avoid unnecessary removals of the appendix without, however, performing any fewer necessary ones than before, since ______.

正确答案: B

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GWD21-4请指教,我的理解看对不对?

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楼主
发表于 2008-7-28 03:56:00 | 只看该作者

GWD21-4请指教,我的理解看对不对?

4. GWD21-Q4:

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

 

Appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix) is potentially fatal; consequently, patients with symptoms strongly suggesting appendicitis almost always have their appendix removed.  The appropriate surgery is low-risk but performed unnecessarily in about 20 percent of all cases.  A newly developed internal scan for appendicitis is highly accurate, producing two misdiagnoses for every 98 correct diagnoses.  Clearly, using this test, doctors can largely avoid unnecessary removals of the appendix without, however, performing any fewer necessary ones than before, since ______.

 

A.      the patients who are correctly diagnosed with this test as not having appendicitis invariably have medical conditions that are much less serious than appendicitis

B.      the misdiagnoses produced by this test are always instances of attributing appendicitis to someone who does not, in fact, have it

C.      all of the patients who are diagnosed with this test as having appendicitis do, in fact, have appendicitis

D.      every patient who is diagnosed with this test as having appendicitis has more than one of the symptoms generally associated with appendicitis

E.       the only patients who are misdiagnosed using this test are patients who lack one or more of the symptoms that are generally associated with appendicitis

原文说:阑尾炎一般都是外科手术开刀切除,但是外科手术开刀却执行了20%的不必要的手术====》言下之意就是多开刀了,把那些不需要做手术的患者也一起开刀了。。那么==》开刀的人数是人多。

现在有一个技术test能scan出真正的阑尾炎,误诊是98个里面只有2个。。相当的精确。==》应该得到的结论就是开刀的人少了,因为test让医生只开那些真正需要做手术的人了。

结论:结果是test下的开刀的人竟然和以前误诊很高的外科开刀的人数差不多多?解释原因

B的说法是test下面的误诊往往都是把实际上有阑尾炎的人当作不必要给排除了,也就是说这些病人其实最后是需要开刀的。。

可是我有一个疑问啊,只有2/98的误诊,在怎么做手术,也比以前开错20%的误诊的人数少吧?请指教

沙发
发表于 2008-7-28 16:38:00 | 只看该作者

结论:结果是test下的开刀的人竟然和以前误诊很高的外科开刀的人数差不多多?解释原因

这个结论mm是从哪里看出来的?原文没有这样的话阿,原文的意思是现在的新技术可以保证只有2/98的误诊,结论是:这样医生就可以避免不必要的手术而不会少做必要的手术,问原因。这里的reasoning有一个缺陷就是如果那2个误诊是应该做手术而没做,就仍然会使医生少做必要的手术。所以应当选B排除这个可能
板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2008-7-29 01:17:00 | 只看该作者
以下是引用愁予在2008-7-28 16:38:00的发言:

结论:结果是test下的开刀的人竟然和以前误诊很高的外科开刀的人数差不多多?解释原因

这个结论mm是从哪里看出来的?原文没有这样的话阿,原文的意思是现在的新技术可以保证只有2/98的误诊,结论是:这样医生就可以避免不必要的手术而不会少做必要的手术,问原因。这里的reasoning有一个缺陷就是如果那2个误诊是应该做手术而没做,就仍然会使医生少做必要的手术。所以应当选B排除这个可能

不是这个意思吧?

地板
发表于 2008-7-29 07:52:00 | 只看该作者
mm对结论的理解应该是有误的,这里结论有两重意思一是医生可以最大限度避免不必要的手术,二是同时避免了应该做手术而没做的情况,原文reasoning的缺陷就是原来的方法低风险是因为只要有症状就切掉,宁可错杀一千而不放过一个,而新方法2%的可能性是误诊,误诊也有两重意思,有可能没有诊断成有,也可能有诊断成没有,如果出现第二种情况实际就不满足结论的第二重意思出现了应该做手术而没做的情况。
B正弥补了这个缺陷,被误诊的可能性只有没有病被诊断成有病,所以完全不可能出现应该做手术而没做的情况
5#
发表于 2009-10-8 00:15:00 | 只看该作者

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终于看懂了,thx!

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