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★AA★ 1. The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods, a processor of frozen foods.
“Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its twenty-fifth birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits.”
下面摘自一家冷凍食品處理商（processor）奧林匹克食品提交給股東的年報：隨著時間流逝，由於機構瞭解了做好事情的方法進而提高了效率，處理的成本會降低。比如在彩色膠捲處理方面，3/5英寸照片的成本從1970年的5天50cent降至1984年的1天20cent。同樣的規律適用於食品處理方面。由於奧林匹克食品即將慶祝它的25歲生日，我們可以指望我們長期的經驗會使我們達到最小的成本和最大的利潤。 6. The following appeared as part of an article in a magazine devoted to regional life.
“Corporations should look to the city of Helios when seeking new business opportunities or a new location. Even in the recent recession, Helios’s unemployment rate was lower than the regional average. It is the industrial center of the region, and historically it has provided more than its share of the region’s manufacturing jobs. In addition, Helios is attempting to expand its economic base by attracting companies that focus on research and development of innovative technologies.”
一份面向地方生活的雜誌上的一篇文章：
企業在尋找新的商機或位置時應該去Helios城。甚至在最近的衰退中，Helios的失業率也比地區平均水準低，它是地區的工業中心，歷史上它提供的比它在地區製造業工作中分享的份額中更多。而且，Helios正試圖通過吸引研究和發展革新技術的公司來擴張它的經濟基礎。 31. The following appeared as part of the business plan of an investment and financial consulting firm.
“Studies suggest that an average coffee drinker’s consumption of coffee increases with age, from age 10 through age 60. Even after age 60, coffee consumption remains high. The average cola drinker’s consumption of cola, however, declines with increasing age. Both of these trends have remained stable for the past 40 years. Given that the number of older adults will significantly increase as the population ages over the next 20 years, it follows that the demand for coffee will increase and the demand for cola will decrease during this period. We should, therefore, consider transferring our investments from Cola Loca to Early Bird Coffee.”
一家投資財經諮詢公司的商務計畫：
研究顯示一個普通咖啡消費者的咖啡消耗從10到60歲隨年齡增長，甚至在60歲以後，咖啡消費仍然保持很高。而一般的可樂消費者的可樂消費隨年齡增加遞減。在過去40年中這兩個趨勢都很穩定。由於在未來的20年內老年人口將顯著增加，咖啡需求回增長而可樂需求會降低。因此，我們應該考慮將我們的投資從可口可樂轉向雀巢咖啡。
44. The following is part of a business plan created by the management of the Megamart grocery store.
“Our total sales have increased this year by 20 percent since we added a pharmacy section to our grocery store. Clearly, the customer’s main concern is the convenience afforded by one-stop shopping. The surest way to increase our profits over the next couple of years, therefore, is to add a clothing department along with an automotive supplies and repair shop. We should also plan to continue adding new departments and services, such as a restaurant and a garden shop, in subsequent years. Being the only store in the area that offers such a range of services will give us a competitive advantage over other local stores.”
Megamart雜貨店的管理層的商務計畫：
由於我們在雜貨店內加了藥劑部分，今年我們的總體銷售額增加了20%。顯然，顧客主要關注的是一次性購物的便利性。在今後兩年內提高我們的利潤的最佳方法是增加一個成衣部門和一個汽車配件和維修商店。我們同時也應該在最後的紀念中繼續增加新的部門和服務，比如餐館，園藝商店。成為本地唯一的提供如此廣泛服務的商店將給我們帶來超越其他商店的競爭優勢。
105. The following appeared in an editorial from a newspaper serving the town of Saluda.
“The Saluda Consolidated High School offers over 200 different courses from which its students can choose. A much smaller private school down the street offers a basic curriculum of only 80 different courses, but it consistently sends a higher proportion of its graduating seniors on to college than Consolidated does. By eliminating at least half of the courses offered there and focusing on a basic curriculum, we could improve student performance at Consolidated and also save many tax dollars.”
Saluda鎮的報紙的編者按：
Saluda統一高中提過超過200中不同的課程供它的學生選擇。路那頭一所小的多的私立學校提供80種基本的課程，但是它的畢業生升入大學的比例始終比統一高中要高。去除至少一半的課程而著眼於基本課程，我們可以改善統一高中學生的表現並省下稅收收入。 108. The following appeared as part of a business plan created by the management of the Take Heart Fitness Center.
“After opening the new swimming pool early last summer, Take Heart saw a 12 percent increase in the use of the center by members. Therefore, in order to increase the number of our members and thus our revenues, which depend on membership fees, we should continue to add new recreational facilities in subsequent years: for example, a multipurpose game room, a tennis court, and a miniature golf course. Being the only center in the area offering this range of activities would give us a competitive advantage in the health and recreation market.”
Take Heart健身中心的管理者起草的商業計畫：
去年夏天開了新的游泳池以後，TH發現會員對中心的使用率增加了12％。因此，為了增加我們的會員數量和決定於會員費的收入，我們應該在以後幾年中繼續增加新的娛樂設施：比如，一個多功能遊戲室，一個網球場，一個迷你高爾夫球場。作為本地唯一一家提供各種活動的健身中心，我們將在健身和娛樂市場建立競爭優勢。 110. The following appeared as part of a memorandum from the loan department of the Frostbite National Bank:
“We should not approve the business loan application of the local group that wants to open a franchise outlet for theKool Kone chain of ice cream parlors. Frostbite is known for its cold winters, and cold weather can mean slow icecream sales. For example, even though Frostbite is a town of 10,000 people, it has only one ice cream spot—theFrigid Cow. Despite the lack of competition, the Frigid Cow’s net revenues fell by 10 percent last winter.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.
Frostbite國家銀行的借貸部門的備忘錄：
我們不應該批准那個希望開一家KK冰激淩連鎖店的特許店的本地團體的借貸請求。Frostbite以其寒冷的冬天而聞名，而冷天氣意味著冰激淩的銷售不利。比如，雖然Frostbite是個有10000人的鎮子，它卻只有一家冰激淩店Frigid Cow。儘管缺乏競爭，Frigid Cow的淨收入去年冬天下降了10％。 125. The following appeared as part of the business plan of the Capital Idea investment firm.
“Across town in the Park Hill district, the Thespian Theater, Pizzazz Pizza, and the Niblick Golf Club have all had business increases within the past two years. Capital Idea should therefore invest in the Roxy Playhouse, the Slice-o’-Pizza, and the Divot Golf Club, three new businesses in the Irongate district. As a condition, we should require them to participate in a special program: Any customer who patronizes two of the businesses will receive a substantial discount at the third. By motivating customers to patronize all three, we will thus contribute to the profitability of each and maximize our return.”
Capital Idea投資公司的商業計畫：
在ParkHill區的Thespian劇院，Pizzazz比薩，Niblick高爾夫俱樂部在過去2年都有業務增長。因此Capital Idea應該投資Poxy劇場，Slic－o比薩和Divot高爾夫俱樂部這3家新的Irongate區的企業。為使他們達到條件，我們應該要求他們參加特殊的項目：任何顧客在其中兩家消費將在第三家得到折扣。通過刺激顧客在所有3家店消費，我們將增進每一家的利潤，從而使我們的回報最大化。
???.Argument是讲一个杂志公司叫Watchweek,在最近have trouble in retaining the employee and the workers there can be hardly promoted to management level. 所以决定引进一个很成功的编辑，他曾在一个儿童读物出版社工作，而且他调动了前公司的员工的Creativity 和efficiency。所以引进他可以解决Watchweek的问题 ???.一个软件公司利润下降，所以要减少预算。可以模仿汽车行业的例子。汽车行业某时期也存在类似情况，于是汽车行业开始用临时工换full－time exployee，因为临时工的工资是fte的一半，所以可以大量减少预算。因此这个软件公司如果换掉25％的fte就可以减少预算，增加利润，可以有一个稳定的经济状况。
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发表于 2008-4-25 23:54:00
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