[求助]LAST test2 sectionIV 22;

joezhouyun

22.    All intelligent people are nearsighted. I am very nearsighted. So I must be a genius.
Which one of the following exhibits both of the logical flaws exhibited in the argument above?
(A) I must be stupid because all intelligent people are nearsighted and I have perfect eyesight.
(B) All chickens have beaks. This bird has a beak. So this bird must be a chicken.
(C) All pigs have four legs, but this spider has eight legs. So this spider must be twice as big as any pig.
(D) John is extremely happy, so he must be extremely tall because all tall people are happy.
(E) All geniuses are very nearsighted. I must be very nearsighted since I am a genius.

这种题应如何思考。

23.    An advertisements states:
Like Danaxil, all headache pills can stop your headache. But when you are in pain, you want relief right away. Danaxil is for you—no headache pill stops pain more quickly.
Evelyn and Jane are each suffering from a headache. Suppose Evelyn takes Danaxil and Jane takes its leading competitor.
Which one of the following can be properly concluded from the claims in the advertisement?
(A) Evelyn’s headache pain will be relieved, but Jane’s will not.
(B) Evelyn’s headache pain will be relieved more quickly than Jane’s.
(C) Evelyn’s headache will be relieved at least as quickly as Jane’s.
(D) Jane’s headache pain will be relieved at the same time as is Evelyn’s.
(E) Jane will be taking Danaxil for relief from headache pain.
为什么选 C 而不选B?

qww

22。首先的错误是必要条件nearsighted，做为充要条件了。
同时注意一个程度问题的错误，这就是选D 而不选B 的关键。
23。no headache pill stops pain more quickly。注意意思的范围。（没有止疼药丸使疼痛停止更快的了。）包含两种意思。小于等于。
注意这样的问题在数学上也很重要。