到底什么是bureaucracy官僚啊?

xunswift

作文题里很多这个....

我中文意思都不知道啊...

谁能通俗的解释一下?

PS:关于官僚的作文题们:

46. Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies, but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.”

63. “As government bureaucracy increases, citizens become more and more separated from their government.”

athen

(1)
    Administration of a government chiefly through bureaus or departments staffed with nonelected officials.
    行政系统：主要通过有未经挑选的官员的政府机关局或处进行的行政管理

(2)
    The departments and their officials as a group:
    官僚：部门和其官员作为一整体的总称：
    promised to reorganize the federal bureaucracy.
    发誓整顿联邦官僚作风

(3)
    Management or administration marked by diffusion of authority among numerous offices and adherence to inflexible rules of operation:
    官僚主义：一种以在众多机构中拥有权威地位，并且固守着不变规则办事为特点的处理或管理：
    “knew something about bureaucracy and those nameless, faceless forces that can crush the life's blood from the individual”(Rollene W. Saal)
    “了解一些关于官僚主义和那些无名的、无特征的，并能够将生命的原动力从个体中挤压出来的力量的情况”(罗里尼W.萨尔)

(4)
    An administrative system in which the need or inclination to follow complex procedures impedes effective action:
    官僚制度：一套行政制度，需要或倾向于一个复杂的过程从而阻碍有效行动的行政制度：
    innovative ideas that get bogged down in red tape and bureaucracy.
    陷入繁文缛节和官僚制度中的创新方法

iko_tay

我也很confuse,因为224篇例文里面老美好像理解的是：政府机关

nana0405

官僚制（英文：Bureaucracy）又称“科层制”，它是一种理性化的管理组织结构，基本职能是知行决策者的经任命产生的官员所组成的大型组织。它必须遵循一套特定的规则与程序，有明确的权威登记，权责自上而下传递。大规模正式组织的兴起被称作科层化（英文：Bureaucratization
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E5%83%9A%E5%88%B6