请问大全-5-19

bettyofarim

11. With the emergence of biotechnology companies, it was feared that they would impose silence about proprietary results on their in-house researchers and their academic consultants. This constraint, in turn, would slow the development of biological science and engineering.
Which of the following, if true, would tend to weaken most seriously the prediction of scientific secrecy described above?
(A) Biotechnological research funded by industry has reached some conclusions that are of major scientific importance.
(B) When the results of scientific research are kept secret, independent researchers are unable to build on those results.
(C) Since the research priorities of biotechnology companies are not the same as those of academic institutions, the financial support of research by such companies distorts the research agenda.
(D) To enhance the companies’ standing in the scientific community, the biotechnology companies encourage employees to publish their results, especially results that are important.
(E) Biotechnology companies devote some of their research resources to problems that are of fundamental scientific importance and that are not expected to produce immediate practical applications.
答案为D。这个没有问题，但是我觉得好象B也对呢？ 如果researchers are unable to build on those results.因为kept secret的话，那不是直接断了researchers 研究成果不对外公开则导致结论slow the development of biological science and engineering.成立的桥吗？

Surveys show that every year only 10 percent of cigarette smokers switch brands. Yet the manufacturers have been spending an amount equal to 10 percent of their gross receipts on cigarette promotion in magazines. It follows from these figures that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay, and that cigarette companies would have been no worse off economically if they had dropped their advertising.
19. Of the following, the best criticism of the conclusion that inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay is that the conclusion is based on
(A) computing advertising costs as a percentage of gross receipts, not of overall costs
(B) past patterns of smoking and may not carry over to the future
(C) the assumption that each smoker is loyal to a single brand of cigarettes at any one time
(D) the assumption that each manufacturer produces only one brand of cigarettes
(E) figures for the cigarette industry as a whole and may not hold for a particular company
答案E。但是好象B也行。对inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay的削弱如果是这些人将来改变。那不是削弱了该结论吗？

snow_mountain

你对11题B的理解有误。

B 说的是independent researchers， so it supports rather than weaken.

lizaz

第2题问题里的结论是inducing cigarette smokers to switch brands did not pay，注意，结论里用了did，它没有说将来怎么样，整个题干一直是在描述过去的情况。如果题干最后变成是问将来的情况，比方改成是问反对结论cigarette companies will be no worse off economically if they drop their advertising，那B才可以选。